哈佛校長畢業典禮演講

不論是繪畫、生物還是金融，如果你不去嘗試做你喜歡的事，不去追求你認為最有意義的東西，你會後悔的。人生之路很長，總有時間去實施備選方案，但不要一開始就退而求其次。找個你喜歡的工作吧，要是你在醒着的時間裏超過一半都在做不喜歡的事，你很難會感到幸福!

不論是繪畫、生物還是金融，如果你不去嘗試做你喜歡的事，如果你不去追求你認為最有意義的東西，你會後悔的。人生之路很長，總有時間去實施備選方案，但不要一開始就退而求其次。找個你喜歡的工作吧，要是你在醒着的時間裏超過一半都在做你不喜歡的事，你很難會感到幸福!(本文為哈佛校長Drew Gilpin Faust給2019屆本科畢業生的演講)

In the curious custom of this venerable institution, I find myself standing before you expected to impart words of lasting wisdom. Here I am in a pulpit, dressed like a Puritan minister — an apparition that would have horrified many of my distinguished forebears and perhaps rededicated some of them to the extirpation of witches. This moment would have propelled Increase and Cotton into a true “Mather lather.” But here I am and there you are and it is the moment of and for Veritas.

這所備受尊崇的學校歷來好學求知，所以你們期待我的演講能傳授永恆的智慧。我站在這個講壇上，穿得像個清教徒牧師——這身打扮也許會把很多我的前任嚇壞，還可能會讓其中一些人重新投身於消滅女巫的事業中去，讓英克利斯和考特恩父子出現在如今的“泡沫派對”上。但現在，我在台上，你們在底下，這是一個屬於真理、追求真理的時刻。

You have been undergraduates for four years. I have been president for not quite one. You have known three presidents; I one senior class. Where then lies the voice of experience? Maybe you should be offering the wisdom. Perhaps our roles could be reversed and I could, in Harvard Law School style, do cold calls for the next hour or so.

你們已經求學四年，而我當校長還不到一年;你們認識三任校長，我只認識一個年級的大四學生。所以，智慧從何談起呢?也許你們才是應該傳授智慧的人。或許我們可以互換一下角色，用哈佛法學院教授們隨機點名提問的方式，讓我在接下來的一個小時裏回答你們的問題。

We all do seem to have made it to this point —more or less in one piece. Though I recently learned that we have not provided youwith dinner since May 22. I know we need to wean you from Harvard in afigurative sense. I never knew we took it quite so literally.

學校和學生們似乎都在努力讓時間來到這一時刻，而且還差不多是步調一致的。我這兩天才得知哈佛從5月22日開始就不向你們提供伙食了。雖然有比喻説“我們早晚得給你們斷奶”，但沒想到我們的後勤還真的早早就把“奶”給斷了。

But let’s return to that notion of cold calls for a moment. Let’s imagine this were a baccalaureate service in the form of Q & A, and you were asking the questions. “What is the meaning of life,President Faust? What were these four years at Harvard for? President Faust,you must have learned something since you graduated from college exactly 40 years ago?” (Forty years. I’ll say it out loud since every detail of my life —and certainly the year of my Bryn M awr degree — now seems to be publicly available. But please remember I was young for my class.)

讓我們把這個畢業典禮想象成一個問答式環節，你們是提問者。“福斯特校長，生活的意義是什麼?我們在哈佛苦讀四年是為了什麼?福斯特校長，從你四十年前大學畢業到現在，你肯定學到了不少東西吧?”(四十年了。我可以大聲承認這個時間，因為我生活的每一個細節——當然包括我獲得布爾茅爾學位的年份——現在好像都能公開查到。但請注意，當時我在年級裏還算歲數小的。)

In a way, you have been engaging me in this Q & A for the past year. On just these questions, although you have phrased them a bit more narrowly. And I have been trying to figure out how I might answer and, perhaps more intriguingly, why you were asking.

可以這麼説，在過去的一年裏，你們一直在提出問題讓我回答，只不過你們把提問範圍限定得比較小。我也一直在思考應該怎樣回答，還有你們提問的動機，這是我更感興趣的。

Let me explain. It actually began when I met with the UC just after my appointment was announced in the winter of 2019. Then the questions continued when I had lunch at Kirkland House, dinner at Leverett,when I met with students in my office hours, even with some recent graduates Iencountered abroad. The first thing you asked me about wasn’t the curriculum oradvising or faculty contact or even student space. In fact, it wasn’t even alcohol policy. Instead, you repeatedly asked me: Why are so many of us going to Wall Street? Why are we going in such numbers from Harvard to finance,consulting, i-banking?

其實，從我與校委會見面時起，就一直被問到這些問題，當時是2019年冬天，我的任命才宣佈不久。此後日漸頻繁，我在柯克蘭樓吃午飯，我在萊弗裏特樓吃晚飯，在我專門會見學生的工作時段，甚至我在國外遇見畢業生的時候，都會被問到這些問題。

你們問我的第一件事不是問課程，不是教師輔導，不是教師的聯繫方式，也不是學生學習生活的空間。實際上，甚至不是酒精限制政策。你們反覆問我的是：“為什麼我們很多人都去了華爾街?為什麼我們哈佛畢業生中，有那麼多人進入金融、諮詢行業和投資銀行?”

There are a number of ways to think about this question and how to answer it. There is the Willie Sutton approach. You may know that when he was asked why he robbed banks, he replied, “Because that’s where the money is.” Professors Claudia Goldin and Larry Katz, whom many of you have encountered in your economics concentration, offer a not dissimilar answer based on their study of student career choices since the seventies. They find it notable that, given the very high pecuniary rewards in finance, many students nonetheless still choose to do something else. Indeed, 37 of you have signed on with Teach for America; one of you will dance tango and work in dance therapy in Argentina; another will be engaged in agricultural development in Kenya; another, with an honors degree in math, will study poetry; another will train as a pilot with the USAF; another will work to combat breast ers of you will go to law school, medical school, and graduate school. But,consistent with the pattern Goldin and Katz have documented, a considerable number of you are selecting finance and consulting. The Crimson’s survey of last year’s class reported that 58 percent of men and 43 percent of womenentering the workforce made this choice. This year, even in challenging economic times, the figure is 39 percent.

要思考並回答這個問題，有很多方式。比如威利-薩頓式的。當他被問及為什麼要搶銀行時，他回答：“因為那兒有錢。”你們中很多人都在經濟學課上見過克勞迪婭-戈爾丁和拉里-卡茨兩位教授，根據他們從70年代以來對學生擇業的研究，得出的結論大同小異。他們發現，值得注意的是，雖然金融行業有極高的金錢回報，還是有很多學生選擇了其它工作。

確實如此，你們中有37個人已經和“為美國而教”簽約;有一個會去跳探戈，去阿根廷研究舞蹈療法;還有一個將投身於肯尼亞的農業發展;一個拿了數學榮譽學位的人要去研究詩歌;另一個要去美國空軍受訓當飛行員;還有一個要與乳癌作鬥爭。你們中有很多人會去讀法律、醫學、或其他研究生。

但是，絕大多數人選擇了金融和諮詢，這與戈爾丁和卡茨的調查結果不謀而合。《克里姆森報》對去年的畢業班作了調查，結果表明，參加工作的人中，58%的男生和43%的女生做出了上述選擇。雖然今年經濟不景氣，這個數字還是達到了39%。

High salaries, the all but irresistible recruiting juggernaut, the reassurance for many of you that you will be in New York working and living and enjoying life alongside your friends, the promise of interesting work — there are lots of ways to explain these choices. For some of you, it is a commitment for only a year or two in any case. Others believe they will best be able to do good by first doing well. Yet, you ask me why you are following this path.

高額的薪水、幾乎難以拒絕的招聘方、能與朋友一起在紐約工作、享受生活，以及有趣的工作——有很多種理由可以解釋這些選擇。你們中的一些人本來就決定過這樣子的生活，至少在一兩年之內是這樣。另一些人則認為先要利己才能利人。但是，你們還是問我，為什麼要走這條路。

I find myself in some ways less interested in answering your question than in figuring out why you are posing it. If Professors Goldin and Katz have it right; if finance is indeed the “rationalchoice,” why do you keep raising this issue with me? Why does this seemingly rational choice strike a number of you as not understandable, as not entirely rational,as in some sense less a free choice than a compulsion or necessity? Why does this seem to be troubling so many of you?

在某種程度上，我覺得自己更關心的是你們為什麼問這些問題，而不是給出答案。如果戈爾丁和卡茨教授的結論是正確的;如果金融行業的確就是“理性的選擇”，那麼你們為什麼還是不停地問我這個問題呢?為什麼這個看似理性的選擇，會讓你們許多人覺得難以理解、不盡合理，甚至在某種意義上是出於被迫或必須，而非自願呢?為什麼這個問題會困擾你們這麼多人呢?

You are asking me, I think, about the meaning of life, though you have posed your question in code — in terms of the observable and measurable phenomenon of senior career choice rather than the abstract, unfathomable and almost embarrassing realm of metaphysics. The Meaning of Life — capital M, capital L — is a cliché — easier to deal with as the ironic title of a Monty Python movie or the subject of a Simpsons episode than as a matter about which one would dare admit to harboring serious concern.

我認為，你們問我的其實是生活的意義，只不過你們提出的問題是經過偽裝的——提問角度是高級職業選擇中可觀察、可度量的現象，而不是抽象的、難以理解的、令人尷尬的形而上學範疇。“生活的意義”——是個大大的問題——又是老生常談——把它看成蒙提派森的某部電影的諷刺標題或者某一集《辛普森一家》的主題就容易回答，但是當作藴含嚴肅意義的話題就把問題複雜化了。

But let’s for a moment abandon our Harvard savoir faire, our imperturbability, our pretense of invulnerability, and try to find the beginnings of some answers to your question.

但是，暫時拋開我們哈佛人自以為是的圓滑、沉着和無懈可擊，試着探尋一下你們問題的答案。

I think you are worried because you want your lives not just to be conventionally successful, but to be meaningful, and you are not sure how those two goals fit together. You are not sure if a generous starting salary at a prestigious brand name organization together with the promise offuture wealth will feed your soul.

我認為，你們之所以擔心，是因為你們不想自己的生活只是傳統意義上的成功，而且還要有意義。但你們又不知道如何協調這兩個目標。你們不知道在一家有着金字招牌的公司裏幹着一份起薪豐厚的工作，加上可以預見的未來的財富，是否能滿足你們的內心。

Why are you worried? Partly it is our have told you from the moment you arrived here that you will be the leaders responsible for the future, that you are the best and the brightest on whom we will all depend, that you will change the world. We have burdened you with nosmall expectations. And you have already done remarkable things to fulfill them: your dedication to service demonstrated in your extra curricular engagements, your concern about the future of the planet expressed in your vigorous championing of sustainability, your reinvigoration of American politics through engagement in this year’s presidential contests.

你們為什麼擔心?這多少是我們學校的錯。從一進校門，我們就告訴你們，你們會成為對未來負責的領袖，你們是最優秀、最聰明的是我們的依靠，你們會改變整個世界。我們對你們寄予厚望，反而成了你們的負擔。其實，你們已經取得了非凡的成績：你們參與各種課外活動，表現出服務精神;你們大力提倡可持續發展，透露出你們對這個星球未來的關注;你們積極參與今年的總統競選，為美國政治注入了新的活力。

But many of you are now wondering how thesecommitments fit with a career choice. Is it necessary to decide between remunerative work and meaningful work? If it were to be either/or, which would you choose? Is there a way to have both? You are asking me and yourselves fundamental questions about values, about trying to reconcile potentially competing goods， about recognizing that it may not be possible to have it all. You are at amoment of transition that requires making choices. And selecting one option — a job, a career, a graduate program — means not selecting others. Every decision means loss as well as gain — possibilities foregone as well as possibilities embraced. Your question to me is partly about that — about loss of roads not taken.

而現在，你們中有許多人不知道如何把以上這些成績與擇業結合起來。是否一定要在有利益的工作和有意義的工作之間做出抉擇?如果必須選擇，你們會選哪個?有沒有可能兩者兼得呢?你們問我和問自己的是一些最根本的問題：關於價值、關於試圖調和有潛在衝突的東西、關於對魚與熊掌不可兼得的認識。你們正處在一個轉變的時刻，需要做出抉擇。只能選一個選項——工作、職業、讀研——都意味着要放棄其他選項。每一個決定都意味着有得有失——一扇門打開了，另一扇卻關上了。你們問我的問題差不多就是這樣——關於捨棄的人生道路。

Finance, Wall Street, “recruiting” have become the symbol of this dilemma, representing a set of issues that is much broader and deeper than just one career path. These are issues that in one way or another will at some point face you all — as you graduate from medical school and choose a specialty — family practice or dermatology, as you decide whether to use your law degree to work for a corporate firm or as a public defender, as you decide whether to stay in teaching after your two years with TFA. You areworried because you want to have both a meaningful life and a successful one;you know you were educated to make a difference not just for yourself, for your own comfort and satisfaction, but for the world around you. And now you have to figure out the way to make that possible.

金融業、華爾街和“招聘”已經變成了這個兩難困境的標誌，代表着一系列問題，其意義要遠比選擇一條職業道路寬廣和深刻。某種意義上，這些是你們所有人早晚都會遇到的問題——當你從醫學院畢業並選擇專業方向——是選全科家庭醫生還是選皮膚科醫生;當你獲得法學學位之後，要選擇是去一家公司工作，還是做公共辯護律師;當你在“為美國而教”進修兩年以後，要決定是否繼續從事教育。

I think there is a second reason you are worried — related to but not entirely distinct from the first. You want to be happy. You have flocked to courses like “Positive Psychology” — Psych 1504 —and “The Science of Happiness” in search of tips. But how do we find happiness? I can offer one encouraging answer: get older. Turns out thatsurvey data show older people — that is, my age — report themselves happier than do younger ones. But perhaps you don’t want to wait.

你們擔心，是因為你們既想活得有意義，又想活得成功;你們清楚，你們所受的教育是讓你們不僅為自己，為自己的舒適和滿足，更要為你們身邊的世界創造價值。而現在，你們必須想出一個方法，去實現這一目標。我認為，你們之所以擔心，還有另一個原因——和第一個原因有關，但又不完全相同。那就是，你們想過得幸福。你們趨之若鶩地選修“積極心理學”——心理學1504——和“幸福的科學”，想找到祕訣。但我們怎樣才能找到幸福呢?我可以給出一個鼓舞人心的答案：長大。調查表明，年長的人——比如我這個歲數的人——幸福感比年輕人更強。不過，你們可能不願意等待。

As I have listened to you talk about the choices ahead of you, I have heard you articulate your worries about the relationship of success and happiness — perhaps, more accurately, how to define success so that it yields and encompasses real happiness, not just money and prestige. The most remunerative choice, you fear, may not be the most meaningful and the most satisfying. But you wonder how you would ever surviveas an artist or an actor or a public servant or a high school teacher? How would you ever figure out a path by which to make your way in journalism? Would you ever find a job as an English professor after you finished who knows how many years of graduate school and dissertation writing?

我聽過你們談論面臨的種種選擇，所以我知道你們對成功和幸福的關係感到煩惱——或者更準確地説，如何定義成功，才能使之產生幷包含真正的幸福，而不只是金錢和名望。你們擔心經濟回報最多的選擇，可能不是最有意義或最令人滿意的。但你們想知道自己到底應該怎樣生存，不論是作為藝術家、演員、公務員還是高中老師?你們要怎樣找到一條通向新聞業的道路?在不知道多少年之後，完成了研究生學業和論文，你們會找到英語教授的工作嗎?

The answer is: you won’t know till you if you don’t try to do what you love — whether it is painting or biology or finance; if you don’t pursue what you think will be most meaningful, you will regret it. Life is long. There is always time for Plan B. But don’t begin withit.I think of this as my parking space theory of career choice, and I have been sharing it with students for decades. Don’t park 20 blocks from your destination because you think you’ll never find a space. Go where you want to be and then circle back to where you have to be.

答案是：只有試過了才知道。但是，不論是繪畫、生物還是金融，如果你不去嘗試做你喜歡的事;如果你不去追求你認為最有意義的東西，你會後悔的。人生之路很長，總有時間去實施備選方案，但不要一開始就退而求其次。我將其稱為擇業停車位理論，幾十年來一直在與同學們分享。不要因為覺得肯定沒有停車位了，就把車停在距離目的地20個街區遠的地方。直接去你想去的地方，如果車位已滿，再繞回來。

You may love investment banking or finance or consulting. It might be just right for you. Or, you might be like the senior I met at lunch at Kirkland who had just returned from an interview on the West Coast with a prestigious consulting firm. “Why am I doing this?” she asked. “I hate flying, I hate hotels, I won’t like this job.” Find work you love. It is hard to be happy if you spend more than half your waking hours doing something you don’t.

你們可能喜歡投行、金融或諮詢，它可能就是你的最佳選擇。也許你們和我在柯克蘭樓吃午飯時遇到的那個大四學生一樣，她剛從西海岸一家知名諮詢公司面試回來。她問：“我為什麼要做這行?我討厭坐飛機，我不喜歡住酒店，我不會喜歡這個工作的。”那就找個你喜歡的工作。要是你在醒着的時間裏超過一半都在做你不喜歡的事情，你是很難感到幸福的。

But what is ultimately most important here is that you are asking the question — not just of me but of yourselves. You are choosing roads and at the same time challenging your own choices. You have a notion of what you want your life to be and you are not sure the road you are taking is going to get you there. This is the best news. And it is also, I hope, to some degree, our fault. Noticing your life, reflecting upon it,considering how you can live it well, wondering how you can do good: These are perhaps the most valuable things that a liberal arts education has equipped you to do.

但是，最最重要的是，你們問問題，既是在問我，更是在問你們自己。你們在選擇道路，同時又質疑自己的選擇。你知道自己想要什麼樣的生活，只是不知確定自己所選的路對不對。這是最好的消息。這也是，我希望，從某種程度上説，我們的錯。關注你的生活，對其進行反思，思考怎樣才能好好地生活，想想怎樣對社會有用：這些也許就是人文教育傳授給你們的最寶貴的東西。

A liberal education demands that you live self-consciously. It prepares you to seek and define the meaning inherent in all you do. It has made you ananalyst and critic of yourself, a person in this way supremely equipped to take charge of your life and how it unfolds. It is in this sense that the liberal arts are liberal — as in liberare — to free. They empower you with the possibility of exercising agency, of discovering meaning, of making surest way to have a meaningful, happy life is to commit yourself to striving for it. Don’t settle. Be prepared to change routes. Remember the impossible expectations we have of you, and even as you recognize they are impossible, remember how important they are as a lodestar guiding you toward something that matters to you and to the world. The meaning of your life is for you to make.

人文教育要求你們自覺地生活，賦予你尋找和定義所做之事的內在意義的能力。它使你學會自我分析和評判，讓你從容把握自己的生活，並掌控其發展路徑。正是在這個意義上，“人文”才是名副其實的liberare ——自由。它們賦予你開展行動、發現事物意義和作出選擇的能力。

通向有意義、幸福生活的必由之路是讓自己為之努力奮鬥。不要停歇。隨時準備着改變方向。記住我們對你們寄予的厚望，就算你們覺得它們不可能實現，也要記住，它們至關重要，是你們人生的北極星，會指引你們到達對自己和世界都有意義的彼岸。你們生活的意義要由你們自己創造。

I can’t wait to see how you all turn out. Do come back, from time to time, and let us know.

我迫不及待地想知道你們會變成什麼樣子。一定要經常回來，告訴我們過得如何。

以上是小編為大家整理好的範文，希望大家喜歡