職場新人需要知道的職場法則

社會中的政治和經濟密不可分，在職場中職場政治和個人能力同樣密不可分，職場的精英們個個有能力，懂政治。個人能力表現為時間掌控能力、知識水平、現場問題解決能力，職場政治能力表現為判斷自身所處環境的能力。

As another class of college seniors prepares to finish their final semester of school, they might focus on finals and job interviews – but they should also think about what awaits them once they get those jobs. There's plenty that will be new to them about the work world, some of it pleasant (paid vacation!) and some of it less so.

對於又一屆即將結束大學最後一學期的大四學生來説，他們最關注的問題可能是畢業考試和工作面試。但是他們同樣要考慮到工作後的情形。工作領域中有很多新事物，有些令人愉悦(比如帶薪休假!)，但有些卻不是這樣。

Here are 10 things that entry-level workers don't always realize in their first jobs – but will hopefully figure out quickly.

這裏是給職場新人的十個建議。他們在第一次工作中往往不能很快意識到這些，不過希望他們很快能弄明白。

salary you accept when you take the job is the one you need to live with for at least a year. People new to the professional workforce don't always realize that and think they can negotiate a raise after, say, three or six months. Attempting that won't go over well with most employers, since the convention is that you typically can't ask for a salary increase until you've been on the job for at least a year.

你接受工作時同意的薪資水平至少會持續一年。邁入職場的新人們通常都沒有意識到一點，而且也認為他們在之後的3到6個月裏就可以商議增加薪水。這種嘗試，在多數僱主那裏是行不通的，因為按照慣例，至少工作滿一年以後才可以要求漲薪。

you were in school, making a mistake on a test or a paper or handing in work late only affected you. But at work, mistakes can impact your boss, your co-workers and your company. People might end up staying late to fix your work, miss their own deadlines or lose important business because of you.

上學期間，你在考試、論文裏犯的錯和不及時上交工作只會影響到你一個人。但是工作後，你犯的錯會影響到你的老闆、同事和公司。大家可能會因為你的失誤而需要熬夜來修補你的工作漏洞，錯過了任務最後期限或者是錯失了重要業務。

g smart and having potential is no longer enough; what you actually achieve is now what matters. In school, teachers often favor the smartest students and even cut them slack on things like being prepared for class or even on being respectful or working hard. But in the working world, reputations and careers are built on actual work; being smart won't give you a pass if you miss deadlines, aren't prepared for meetings or don't meet your goals.

僅僅聰明、富有潛力還不夠;你的實際工作才是現在最關鍵的。學校裏，老師總是喜歡那些最聰明的學生，甚至在課前準備、品格和工作態度方面對他們放鬆要求。但是在工作中，聲譽和事業要基於實際的工作。聰明的特點不會在你錯過截止日期，或是沒有對會議進行充分準備，或沒有達成目標時給你特赦。

have to book time off around holidays. It's not like school, where you automatically get a week or more off around Christmas and New Year's. And many offices are open the day after Thanksgiving; it's not a holiday, despite what school schedules might have led you to expect. And speaking of longer vacations …

你要在假期前後請假。不像在學校，在聖誕節和新年的時候，你會有一週以上的假期。很多公司在感恩節後的第二天還繼續營業。感恩節並不是假日，儘管學校的日程安排可能讓你覺得它是個假日。其他的長假也是類似的。。。。。。

weeks is the most time you can take off at once in many workplaces. Those days of lengthy vacations may be a thing of the past. In many workplaces, two weeks is the uppermost limit of how much time you can take off at once. In fact, two weeks might be the full amount of vacation time you're allotted per year, and if you use it all up at once, you won't be able to take any time off the rest of the year. (But this does vary by workplace; some offer double or even triple that, particularly as you move into more senior roles.)

兩週是很多工作場合允許的最長休假時間。過去悠長假期的日子已經一去不復返了。在很多地方，2周是一次性請假允許的最長時間。事實上，2周可能是你每年可休假時間的總數。如果你一次性把假都請完的話，1年裏剩餘的時間裏就沒有任何假期了。(不過各個公司情況有所不同。有些公司的假期長度是這個的兩倍甚至是3倍，特別是當你升入更高的職位之後。)

ke in school, great performance on the job isn't just about waiting for assignments and doing them. While in school it was often enough to simply do your assignments, at work you should be identifying ways to drive your department's work forward and taking initiative to do things better. If you sit around and wait for someone to tell you what to do, you might not get much done. That said, you also need to know the parameters of where you can take initiative and where you can't, which isn't always spelled out explicitly (and therefore can really confuse new workers).

不像在學校裏，工作表現良好不能只是等待分配任務然後完成它們。在學校，只要完成你的作業就夠了，但是在工作場合中，你必須明白讓你所在部門的工作向前推進的方法，並且主動完善。如果你坐等別人告訴幹什麼，你可能不會有很大的成就。另外，你要把握好分寸。這個分寸一般都不會明説。(因此新員工可能會很困惑)。