曲阜三孔英文導遊詞（通用5篇）

曲阜三孔英文導遊詞 篇1

Into the purpose of qianmen quickly into the "heaven", is take the Confucius "DE match heaven and earth" and famous, for dai temple next door, door with built in the emperor song zhenzong and few over two years (AD 1009), the width 5, depth between the three, single eaves jehiel mountain style buildings, inside the original si green dragon, white tiger, rosefinch, xuanwu four stars. On both sides of the original peidian peidian, east as the "three ling hou temple", enshrined in the zhou dynasty about the official Tang Chen, GeYong, tempo, three people. When the emperor song zhenzong dong feng, see three in the worse the man of god, seal for the "three ling hou", then built the temple worship. West as "qiu temple" is enshrined in the tang dynasty "access group, and to serve voluntarily thick raise" the points in Du Zong frenzy. Linked to match went north and south "ringha door" is take "the world belongs to the benevolence" Confucius language meaning and, for the third door, dai yuan dynasty to yuan four years (AD 1338) to create. Building structure and tianmen is similar, inside the 2nd day of the deaf and dumb god, both sides have something goalkeeper. With doors on the west side of the stone tablet 20, is one of the most famous monuments, broadcasting the information "and" few tablet ", double monuments, majestic tall, confrontation, turtle fell therefore, stately, dai temple existing two big stone tablet.

Tianmen "Tang Huai courtyard" in the southwest, the original "big countable embrace, the shadow of branches mu xu" Tang Huai, years of the republic of China, fighting BingXian, ancient much, gradually die. In 1952, dai temple host ShangShiLian again small tree in the withered tree stem a strain, and named "Tang Huai brussel. This new tree has become a tree, pond castles peeped, and become a big g dai temple.

Tang Huai east of the old delay jubilee temple temple, the scriptures, ring wing pavilion, made yuhua district monastery where, is destroyed by years of the republic of China. In 1984, a new archaize on Tibetan oratory site storage, between 48 in mount taishan in 4000 pieces of precious relics, ancient books of more than 3000 copies.

North ringha through my door is covered days of pines seem to the north, I saw a colorful, resplendent and magnificent basilica stands on the big balcony, this is the main architecture of the dai temple, song day Kuang temple. Day Kuang temple, also called China sun temple, founded in north emperor song zhenzong dazhong few over two years (AD 1009). In A.D. 1008, song, liao in alliance (now in henan puyang), emperor song zhenzong though victory over liao army, but no mood to fight again, but signed a humiliating treaty, known as "the union of alliance" in history. Emperor song zhenzong in one's hand in order to pacify the resentment, to consolidate its ruling position, he adopted the deputy prime minister qin-ruo wang engineer zhao book "heaven" scam, leading officials, in the same year October car "gobbledygook" came to mount tai, held a grand thank grace to the gift, and is due to people for day Kuang festival every year in June. Dai li, zhao expansion under the dai temple, and on the basis of the original mount tai temple, built the day Kuang temple.

Day Kuang house 43.67 meters long, north and south 17.18 meters wide, 22.3 meters high, the width of nine, four deep, double-hipped roof anise, stone fly up, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves hung between Kuang temple "song day" JuBian, eight root red MingZhu eaves, with Pope fang and stone, and outside groove have become warped weight the three arch, groove inside the temple roof for four after bucket sunk panel, yu is square flat is the ceiling. The entire hall Luan Lu diego shrugged, diao Liang Caidong, gold paint walls, Dan wall, completed a majestic, although after several dynasty, ancient and remain, with Beijing's Forbidden City hall of supreme harmony, qufu Confucius dacheng hall and three big palatial architecture in ancient China.

Into the hall, positive tall statue of "god of mount tai" color is reshaping in 1984, cave is 4.4 meters tall, twelve Liu head crown, wearing dagon's robe, handheld, the board, solemn dignified, vivid, may have a sense of "lifelike, be vividly portrayed. "Taishan" god is a Taoist believe in "god" of a ghost, can dominate the life and death. Was dubbed "day king" in the tang dynasty, song dynasty seal for JiRenSheng Ann "day", when the yuan dynasty and dubbed "dongyue days of qi ShengRen emperor", Ming emperor after he began to reign, and he thinks to taishan seal number is god "to blaspheme the ritual without", therefore, get rid of all titles, renamed "the god of mount tai. Since then, the status of the dai temple is not I, enjoy "dongyue many" reputation.

Statue on both sides of the couplets for precise Wu Yun book, "the emperor to the earthquake, life in Yin". Banners is the qing emperor kangxi emperor in 23 years (in 1684 AD in taishan when the topic "town" match day JuBian. Inside the palace with part of the phenomena of Ming and qing era. On the surface of the inside west northeast three "taishan revelation Bi back to process diagram" of the song dynasty painted. Murals total length of 62 meters, 3.3 meters high, picture by picture god in the mighty mount tai grand scene, when the emperor song zhenzong letter east taishan majesty and imposing manner, the whole mural by a hall door, east is "rev Bi figure", depicting the taishan god excursions; west as the "back to the process diagram", depicting the taishan god returned. The whole picture of 697 characters, its appearance and manners are all the same, be auspicious beast mounts, pavilions, mountains and rivers, trees and flowers, etc., of a great, the grand spectacle. Picture a saturated flourish is fluent, structure is rigorous, the layout symmetry nature, character looks vivid and lively, clothing line is clear, lifelike and vivid facial expressions, plus the colour and lustre beautiful coordination, give a person with high aesthetic enjoyment.

Temple in ancient times, has been damaged by fire and earthquake, murals have also been affected, as you can see from the mural art processing, mural is redrawn later part of the picture, but the whole picture is basically kept the original face of the song dynasty, it is still in the history of Chinese mural painting, Taoism a picture of a rare art treasures.

Days before Kuang temple wide large terrace consists of two layers, railing, standing on the big balcony, is suddenly enlightened. There is a royal pavilion, terrace on each side of emperor qianlong visited dai temple in ShiBei. Ming wanli is among big censer casting. Cooper under the terrace of the clip in the south, is a small square columns at the end of the pool, commonly known as the "pavilion old pool". The emperor held a ceremony to visit mount tai, god princes is welcome here. Pool and around 9 stance is strange taihu Jin Daan first year (AD 1209) with her mother which is offered by the wang, taian county magistrate wu bit. Each stone features, carefully watch the intriguing, a exquisite stone tunnel middle outstanding, called "hula stone". Fuso north stone has an independent order under cooper, called "solitary loyal cypress", tang dynasty female emperor wu zetian doubt its folklore also with secretary Shi Zhong rebellion, then its killed, Shi Zhong ghosts do not come loose, came to dongyue before the emperor wu zetian out of shape, thereby lone cypress. Stones covered her eyes, it is said that the visitors around the hula around the turn three times, then go to touch the other side of the solitary loyal cypress, all to be able to help, is a lot of people. The legend of these rich romance is not credible, but shows the taishan's long history and rich culture, those who write the legend of folk wit, the good and evil of human skillfully in the image of cypress trees, leaves later generations lots of regrets.

曲阜三孔英文導遊詞 篇2

Day Kuang lay behind the surface is after three palace, in the bedroom, width 5, on both sides for the bedroom, among the three, the emperor song zhenzong and few over five years (AD 1012) to seal a letter to the taishan god "day JiRen ShengDi", after considering the need a queen, to facilitate the same seal a "shu next year", and "her" built the temple, from "concubines", live with living quarters. The feudal rulers in order to achieve the goal of "borrow god daughter", "well-meaning, holding the" true.

Days of steles Kuang temple on both sides of things, all kinds of stone tablet full of beautiful things in eyes of han stone, taishan ancient steles boutique mostly concentrated in here. These inscriptions almost collection of Chinese calligraphy, after jin dynasty "two Kings", the song dynasty "four everybody", grass nationalities of, style available; YanLiu zhao, style each different, there are seven big fellow tablet "HengFang tablet", "zhang moved tablet"; One of the three largest monument in jin dynasty "lady tablet"; The shape is novel, calligraphy otherness "double beam tablet"; Mount tai buddhist name tablet notebook "datang JiZhou ShenBao temple monument", such as a total of 19 pieces, all has the very high historical value of cultural relics and calligraphy art value.

Display of 48 pieces of han stone in the west gallery is since 1960, several cleaning dawenkou and old county east han tomb stone set. The han stone, rich in content, range, some reflect the horses and chariots, travel, dancing to acrobatics and other social life; Some describe fairy tales; Also has the reflection of historical figures, neat picture design, modelling is vivid, on the carving techniques, the traditional Chinese painting line with engraved, embossed with an organic whole, manifests the like forthright grandeur of the plain, characteristic, is the study of ancient Chinese culture important materials for art and social life of the eastern han dynasty.

Out of the attic, door knob spirit is "opzoon". In the original "bean ling temple", was destroyed by years of the republic of China. In the courtyard, branches, five tall cooper if a kind of dragon PAM, legend has it for the first year of emperor in yuan seal (110 BC), when I mount tai has more than two thousand years ago, "opzoon" hence the name.

Yuan's north "han pavilion" is 1959 in the house built on the oberoi, bean spirit pavilion built on three layers tall stone stylobate, very spectacular. Stylobate wall Mosaic qianlong fifty-nine years (AD 1749 years) who taian magistrate of a county scale book by du fu's "hope? Gt; > and" qiu xing "and so on famous poems carved. The pavilion looked around the moon and sky cloud, width of otimista chest, dai panoramic view, panoramic view of whole city.

Opzoon nosocomial stone tablet line, approximates to 90 pieces. There are descendants of the official script of han dynasty, four sorrow poems's friends "up", have the posterity the seal character of luji "mount tai Yin", "mount tai Yin" and the song dynasty calligrapher of xie lingyun MiFei Chen Changyan, "the first mountain", Ming chongzhen years ZuoPeiXuan topic of "opzoon figure praise", emperor qianlong drive makes the opzoon diagram and contemporary ink many celebrities. Place oneself in the forest of steles is like reading a history of China, the benefit of the influence of the nation, will leave every serious watching endless thinking.

By opzoon courtyard to the north, through the quiet little garden into the courtyard of a small and exquisite. This is the place where the ancient imperial sacrifices mount tai when living, because is located within the DongHuaMen, therefore calls "east the throne". Its building for yuan to is seven years (AD 1347), Ming said welcome don, qianlong 35 years (1770 years) renamed in the pavilion. East the throne by the Great Wall flower door, door, door, main hall, and wing, hospital construction, green, quiet quiet and tastefully laid out, give a person the sense with super world white. Five main hall high above the stylobate, inside the set for recovery, qing qianlong emperor la people like, pier dragon, dragon, clothes closet, red sandalwood furniture such as a square table and all kinds of marble grain and golden rust ancient ceramic wall hanging and four treasures of the study. The famous "cold jade flower, the", "aloes lion" and "yellow orchid porcelain bottle gourd" twenty-seventh year is qianlong, 36 years worship offerings when tai shan, said Tarzan "sanbao town mountain". Doors and temple, dressed in ancient costume in the qing dynasty's "guardian", "palace" to the qing court etiquette to greet visitors, make visitors like back to ancient times, to extrapolate.

Palace stylobate under a stone, with a glass cover, this is the famous Chinese and foreign famous "the father of sharpening" qin sharpening. The taishan burring qin qin shihuang merit inscription engraved letters and qin ii, write to prime minister lisi. His seal script with economical fair instead of minor stroke numerous fat at the time, the handwriting stiffness tall and straight, swept away many fat stay qi, inscriptions, a total of 222 words, gradually disappear, after the Ming jiajing years still remaining 29 words, the original made in DaiDing herself beside the pool, after vicissitudes sink, a few times again, today only 10 residue left word, complete is seven. Is a rare treasure, is listed as a national level cultural relics.

Out of the bedroom, north of dai last into the yard. Something inside two garden all sorts of miniascape of various, within sight of the art to reproduce the taishan one content, fragrant flowers. On the southwest of west tower cast established twelve years (AD 1533), a former level 13, now the only remaining level 3, plain modelling, still do not break the elegant demeanour, and to the southeast of tower confrontation stylobate copper pavilion, also called "jin que", for the whole copper casting, imitation wood, 4.4 meters high, 3.4, Ming wanli 43 years (AD 1615) casting in DaiDing azure clouds temple, built to consecrate jade xia yuan jun. Move to the mountain spirit should be between Ming dynasty and early qing palace, in dai temple in 1972, is the present domestic only one of the three largest copper pavilion.

"Thick door" was the last of the dai temple gate, was rebuilt in 1984. On the door has "looked YueGe" three rooms, Huang Wa Ming gallery, andalusite partition board, Joan pavilion is like air. Standing on the court looked to adai yue high precision, castle peak around the white clouds, green trees and the light smoke, tianmen ladder like flying floating hang them knowing you can't have them.

The thick red doors north behavior way, near the temple street is the starting point of the mountaineering, the gate of mount tai, climbing in starting from this, of a politician will see the best scenery in mount taishan, until the "day".

曲阜三孔英文導遊詞 篇3

Ladies and gentlemen:

Now we are going to visit the ancient art museum, dai temple.

Dai temple, used to be called "east", also called tai temple, the main realms of the spirit of "mount tai", also is the ancient emperors to taishan I tell the living and held a grand ceremony.

Dai temple created a long history, the western han dynasty historical beginning of "namely domain, qin han palace" up. Tang opened far thirteen years (AD 725), amended Song Xiangfu two years (AD 1009) and on a large scale expansion, after the jin, yuan, Ming and qing dynasties billiton, gradually formed a large-scale buildings.

Dai temple in downtown Tai’an City north, just old Thai city in the south gate, north DaiDing the worse on the central axis. North and south 405.7 meters long, 236.7 meters wide, was rectangular, covers an area of 96000 square meters. Dai temple architecture, in the form of the vertical and horizontal sides extension in ancient China, the overall layout to the north and the longitudinal axis, divided into the east, three axis of Chinese and western. East before and after the axis opzoon courtyard, east the throne, garden; Before and after the west axis have Tang Huai courtyard, ring wing pavilion court, made yuhua district monastery where; Axial qianmen, tianmen, ringha door, day after Kuang temple, living quarters, thick door. Subject construction of song day Kuang temple is located in the latter half of the dai temple in the crests stylobate, other building is located in the center courtyard outside, independent of each other, have immanent connection again. The building layout is according to the needs of religious and miyagi pattern design, formation of partition and bright, primary and secondary order, the unique style of of primitive simplicity, and through the changes of architectural space, in a solemn, solemn and deep, the mutual infiltration of park set each other off becomes an interest, in full. Temple towering temple and high into the clouds in the worse, give a person with beautiful feeling of mount tai.

Dai temple city high castle built, Zhou Changsan li, three zhangs, around eight door, to the nankai five, for qianmen, left for the east yi door, then left, Yang halls; For west yi door, right and then right name; see the door Qingyang door in the name of the east, also called DongHuaMen; In the name of the element view door to the west, also called xihua gate; North lu pursuit in the name of the door, also called thick door. Each gate tower, dai temple in the four corner respectively with xun, gen, dried, publication turrets, the whole building magnificent, majestic, like a seat in the imperial palace of the emperor.

Is dai temple, mount tai to the largest concentration of cultural relics. Here preserved the imperial sacrifices to full of beautiful things in the history of the phenomena of the god of mount tai, gifts, handicrafts, also has a flashing huaxia civilization guanghua taishan unearthed relics and the revolutionary historical relics, and save a lot of taishan classics and Taoism. More precious and 184 pieces of ancient steles and 48 pieces of han stone, become our country the third after xi 'an, qufu the forest of steles.

Dai temple, it is a feast for the eyes of classical gardens. A kind of dragon PAM spin cooper, cover the ginkgo, exquisite exquisite bonsai, bright flowers, and for the booth of of primitive simplicity and elegant, table, floor, ge added ten thousand kinds of amorous feelings of coquetry. Dai temple, the picturesque scenery, attracts many Chinese and foreign tourists.

Solemn and majestic dai temple, temple, cultural relic. Here every building embodies the Chinese ancient architectural art style, each piece reflects the civilization development of mount tai. Stroll in the art world, lifting eyes, raised his hand and touched the are national treasures, make the viewer power capacity, makes visitors sigh with emotion. Wei dai temple, is a fusion architecture, landscape, sculpture, painting and traditional Chinese ancient art museum.

Now, we went to the place called "remote pavilion" refs. It is located in the middle of Tai’an City area, north song tong Yin, is located in the dai temple outside the qianmen, vestibular is dai temple, to enter the rudiments of dai temple. Whenever the ancient emperors held to taishan fiesta, visits by simple ceremony here first, for taishan the piety of god. Therefore, in ancient times is also called "grass and pavilion". Ming jiajing thirteen years (AD 1534), shandong lu via become deputy political suggestion, before he left to "remote pavilion", have been extended ever since. Remote and TingMen outside the remote and fang is qianlong 35 years (AD 1770) to create, so far intact. Otherwise the pole high vertical, about iron lion crouching columns. Fang south "double order", the qing guangxu six years (AD 1880) to start building, square assembled, the queen mother pool of water, surrounded by dai temple into the pool. Because of pool in the northwest, southeast corner have a stone in and out of the water tap the name. Fanaw is tong Yin, make the person one gate into Thai south of the city is surrounded by mystery, "heaven" solemn atmosphere. Pool of the north China plate inscribed with "lue tianchi" four words. In 1992, in the pool with white marble columns, carve patterns or designs on woodwork perimeter of 63 meters, in order to protect the cultural relics. Has qing dynasty stone columns in the east and two-way, has "jinan May 30th massacre memorial" on the north and northwest edge with ancient one, legend of the tang dynasty rooted, up to now, branches and leaves bushiness is green and luxuriant.. Around double the order for a small square, surrounded by ancient buildings, form a beautiful picture.

Remote pavilion for pavilion type compound, 52 meters wide from east to west, north and south 66.2 meters long, with a total area of 3442.4 square meters. Main hall 5, built in the center of the courtyard rectangle above the stylobate, 10.8 meters wide, 7.75 meters deep, Lao 7.9 meters, five to four column beam, nine ridge eaves jehiel mountain type, Huang Wa coping. In the qing dynasty Ceng Sibi xia yuan jun. On both sides of things peidian peidian all intermediate.

Remote pavilion is a set of independent buildings, but with the dai temple on the connotation and unified, because of its existence, the dai temple solemn and mysterious atmosphere foil more strong. This is both independent and unified style, not only in the mountains, is rare in existing ancient buildings in China. Remote and pavilion in the tang dynasty once called "remote", folk have "to visit mount tai, god worship first remote door ginseng". When you visit the dai temple, also should first start from remote and kiosks.

Through the remote pavilion, the "dai fang" of the head is eleven years (AD 1672), shandong province, the qing emperor kangxi originally create day origin. Fang 12 meters high, 9.8 meters wide, 3 meters deep, and three to four column type. Three lane, heavy beam four-column brick reliefs. Circulation before and after the four pillars have eight stone lions on pier, different posture; Heavy beam four pillars engraved with "red phoenix in morning chaoyang", "praised", "group of cranes make lotus", "imagination" and so on more than 20 group of auspicious image lifelike birds benevolent and all kinds of flower pattern. The entire Shi Fang chic modelling, KeLou through fine, as in the qing dynasty stone carving art treasures. South lane column with couplets on the both sides of north and south of shi day by "big pole in the day, great body KangSheng everything; the emperor to shock, HeSheng zhuo ling town east". North of qing dynasty in shandong to the governor, the ministry of war assistant minister Zhao Xiangxing problem "for the system of yue, the nations in the pursuit of wei DE He Keshang; mixed group of spirit of regent, kyushu on roaming on work which is in Beijing?" . Two deputy couplet gripping, synthetic-aperture, puts Tarzan's lofty status and prominent map made high-level overview of god in mount taishan, make a person not into dai and admiration of love.

The dai temple, see toward the tall broad "qianmen", is the main entrance into the dai temple, two big red door, is a symbol of the dignity of the dai temple, ancient times can only from the door into the emperor. The years Cuo tuo, to the eve of liberation, qianmen cracks have is full of stains or spots, the door at the top of the tower is also in the rain or blown away by the history. Now the qianmen is 1985 built according to the song dynasty architectural style. Door 8.6 meters high, the tower above 11 meters high, a total of five and nine single eaves jehiel mountain ridge, 24 MingZhu root, and it's all round Mosaic Ling isolation, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves stone out of the four three, black ink dot gold coloured drawing or pattern, the forehead Fang Jinlong flying, from a distance become warped eaves wing, pian-pian wants to fly.

曲阜三孔英文導遊詞 篇4

新中國成立後,特別是黨的十一屆三中全會以來,中國共產黨第十一屆中央委員會,黨和國家領導人非常關注曲阜的文物和古蹟,和國家分配超過3000萬元的綜合修復“三孔”。近年來,為了大力發展旅遊業,曲阜先後開發並建造了一個新的旅遊景點,如孔子六藝術城市,《論語》中柱花園,繁榮的華夏文化的城市,形成了一個人文和自然景觀,將舊的和新的景點,反映出旅遊資源的新模式,成為文化旅遊景點,中國和外國遊客渴望。

孔廟的第一個石頭廣場叫做“金生玉鎮廣場”。孟子曾經這樣評價孔子。他説:“孔子被稱為大師，大師，金嗓子，玉振。”“金聲玉振”指的是演奏音樂的全過程，從敲鐘開始，到敲石結束，是孔子對古代聖賢和聖賢的偉大成就的隱喻。在石頭廣場上方的蓮花寶座上，有一隻獨角獸，名叫“辟邪”或“怒吼”

曲阜三孔英文導遊詞 篇5

女士們、先生們：你們好! 歡迎來到曲阜。曲阜是我國古代偉大的思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的故鄉，全國首批公佈的24個歷史文化名城之一。孔子有句名言：“有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎。”今天，我有幸為各位擔任導遊，十分高興。我將盡力為大家提供滿意的服務，不足之處，請批評指正。 曲阜概況 在參觀“三孔”之前，請允許我把曲阜概況介紹一下： 曲阜地處魯中山區和魯西南平原的交界處，北依泰山，南引嶧山，東連沂蒙羣山，西俯千疇平原。地勢東高西低，境內泗河、沂河等河流均自東向西流淌，自古就有“聖人門前倒流水”之説。物產豐富，景色宜人。大詩人李白曾描寫曲阜：“笑誇故人指絕境，山光水色青如蘭”。

曲阜歷史悠久，早在五六千年前，我們的祖先就在這裏繁衍生息，創造了人類早期的文明。不少古籍中，還有炎帝、少吳徙都於曲阜，黃帝生於壽丘(曲阜城東8裏處)，舜於壽丘作什器的記載。可見，中國遠古時代最有影響的三皇五帝中就有四人在曲阜留下了蹤跡。儘管這是傳説，但也並不是毫無根據的。從境內保存下來的 20餘處大汶口文化和龍山文化遺址中仍可見到我們的祖先征服自然的遺蹟。

“曲阜”一名最早見於禮記>>。東漢應劭解釋説：“魯城東有阜，委曲長七八里，故名曲阜。”商代前期，曲阜名奄，是商王朝的重要屬國。周代自“封周公於曲阜”800餘年，曲阜為魯國都城，是當時我國一個重要的政治、經濟、文化中心。春秋時期，孔子首創私人講學之風，“弟子三千，賢者七十有二”遍及全國各地，又成了當時的教育中心。魯國是曲阜歷史上的黃金時期，以“禮儀之邦”著稱於世，故山東省現仍沿用“魯”作為簡稱。公元前 249年，楚滅魯，置魯縣，秦代屬薛郡，西漢時為魯國都，魏晉南北朝時為魯郡治。隋開皇十六年(596年)，首定曲阜為縣名。宋代改稱仙源縣，金代恢復曲阜縣名至今。

1986年撤縣制，始稱曲阜市。現面積為890平方公里，人口60餘萬。悠久的歷史，燦爛的文化，給曲阜留下了大量的文物古蹟，主要的有110餘處，其中孔廟、孔府、孔林及魯國故城遺址被列為全國首批公佈的重點文物保護單位，另有11處列為全省重要文物保護單位。“三孔”還於1994年被聯合國列為世界文化遺產。 新中國建立後，特別是黨的十一屆三中全會以來，黨和國家領導人對曲阜的文物古蹟十分關注，國家先後撥款3000多萬元對“三孔”進行了全面修茸。近年來，為了大力發展旅遊事業，曲阜又相繼開發建設了孔子六藝城、論語碑苑、魯國盛世華夏文化城等一批新的旅遊景點，形成人文與自然景觀，新老景點渾然一體，相映生輝的旅遊資源新格局，成為中外遊人嚮往的文化旅遊勝地。 孔廟的第一座石坊叫“金聲玉振坊”。孟子對孔子曾有過這樣的評價，他説：“孔子之謂集大成，集大成者，金聲而玉振之也”。“金聲、玉振”表示奏樂的全過程，以擊鐘開始，以擊磐告終，比喻孔子的思想集古聖先賢之大成。石坊上面蓮花寶座上各刻有一個獨角怪獸稱“辟邪”，也叫“朝天吼”，這是封建社會王爵府第才可使用的飾物。

孔廟第一道門叫“櫺星門”。“櫺星”又名天田星，古人祭天，先要祭櫺星。“櫺星門”三個字為乾隆所書。“太和元氣”坊同“金聲玉振”坊差不多，題字為明代山東巡撫曾銑手書，讚頌孔子思想如同天地生育萬物。此院東西各有一座腰門，東邊上書“德侔天地一樣大，他的學説古今來説都是最好的”。這座門叫“聖時門”，由此住裏，有博大精深、深不可測之感。“聖時”二字，取<<孟子.萬章下>>，“孔子，聖之時者也”句，意思是説，在聖人之中，孔子是最適合時代者。

過聖時門迎面小石橋，叫“璧水橋”，橋兩側偏南各有一座門，東門叫“快睹門”，是先睹為快的意思，西門叫“仰高門”讚頌孔子的學問十分高深。我們進入的大門，稱“弘道門”，這三個字取自<<論語.衞星公>>“人能弘道”的句子，以此來讚頌孔子闡發了堯舜湯和文武周公之“道”。這道門也是明朝洪武十年(1377年)時孔廟的大門。再往後是“大中門”，大中門是宋朝時期孔廟的大門，原名叫“宮和門”，字的意思與孔子中庸之道的主張有關，由此門向南望去，一方面可以看到孔廟的歷史沿革，一方面也可以看到孔廟的不斷擴大，這些建築既有清代建築，也有明代建築，還有宋代建築，它們建的時代不同，工匠不同，但都互相配合，相得益彰，構成一體。看孔廟建築，同時可以看到一部分中國封建社會的發展史。

這塊碑立於明成化四年(1468年)，因此也叫“成化碑”，它為明憲宗朱見深所立，碑高6米，寬2米多。這塊碑的特點是書法精湛，著稱於世，並且碑文用論辯形式寫成，在極力推崇孔子方面，可以説是之最。大家請看右上角，那上面寫道：“聯惟孔子之道，有天下者一日不可無焉”，又説：“孔子之道在天下，如布帛粟菽，民生日用不可暫缺”。這碑下面的動物不是烏龜，叫，是龍的兒子，特別能負重，所以用來馱碑，有句話講“龍生九子不成龍”，在孔廟內，龍和龍的9個兒子，你都可以看到，當地的老百姓常來這裏撫摸這，他們説：“摸摸的頭，一輩子不犯愁，摸摸的腚，一輩子不生病”。 我們面前的這座木結構建築名叫“奎文閣”，原是孔廟的藏書樓。“奎星”為二十八星宿之一，有星十六顆，“屈曲相鈎，似文字之畫”，後來人們把它演化為文官之首，封建帝王把孔子比作天上的奎星，所以孔子又稱“歷代文官主”。這座樓閣高23.35米，闊30.1米，深17.62米，三重飛檐，四層斗拱，構造堅固而且合理，康熙年間曲阜曾有過一次大地震，“人間房屋傾者九，存者一”，而奎文閣卻傲然屹立，安然無恙，由此可見我國古代勞動人民的聰明智慧和高超的建築藝術。

我們現在進入孔廟的第六進院落，展現在大家面前的是13座碑亭，南邊8座，北邊5座。亭內保存着唐、宋、元、明、清各代石碑共55幢，碑文多為皇帝對孔子的追諡加封、拜廟親祭、整修廟宇的紀錄，用漢文、八思巴文、滿文等刻成。此排中間的這座碑，重約65噸，採自北京的西山，在當時，將如此重量的石碑從千里之外，跋山涉水，運至曲阜，不能不説是一個奇蹟。此院東、西各有一門，是孔廟第三道腰門，為“東華門、西華門”。

我們現在進入大成門，“大成門”是指今天下之大成，這一排共有5門並列，最西邊為啟聖門，是供奉孔子父母的地方，中路大成門，又有“金聲門、玉振門”相佐，中路為孔廟最中心的地方，東為承聖門，原為孔子故居。

大家知道，孔子是偉大的思想家，教育家、政治家，我們認為，孔子首先是個教育家，他是中國第一位老師，封建皇帝封他為“至聖先師”“萬世師表”，應當説，他是全人類的老師，是名符其實的“人類靈魂工程師”。我們面前的“杏壇”，相傳是當年孔子設壇講學的地方，金代建亭作以紀念，著名文人党懷英書“杏壇”二字。壇側有棵杏樹，為後人所栽，每當初春時節，紅花綻開，綠葉搖曳。所以乾隆皇帝來朝拜時，曾賦詩讚之，詩曰：重來又值秈開時，幾樹東風簇絳枝，豈是人間凡卉比，文明終古共春熙。

矗立在我們面前的大殿就是名揚天下的“大成殿”，它是中國的“三大殿”之一，與北京故宮的“太和殿”，泰山岱廟的“天貺殿”齊名，其雄偉壯麗有過之而無不及。殿高24.8米，闊45.78米，深24.8米，雕樑畫棟，金壁輝煌，特別是周圍28根石柱，為世界文化瑰寶，均以整石雕刻而成，前面10根為深浮雕，每柱二龍戲珠，盤繞升騰，栩栩如生，刀法剛勁有力，各具變化。過去皇帝來了，都是將此柱用黃布圍裹。他們若看見恐怕也會自慚不如。兩側及後廊的龍柱為淺浮雕，每柱72條龍，總共1296條。大成殿內供奉着孔子塑像，兩側為四配，東西是復聖顏回、述聖孔及，西面是宗聖曾參和亞聖孟子。再外是12哲。每年9月26日、9月28日，我們都在這裏舉行盛大的國際孔子文化節和孔子誕辰紀念儀式，表演大型祭孔樂舞和“簫韶樂舞”，舉行豐富多彩的文化、旅遊活動，歡迎各位到時光臨。

大成殿兩側的綠瓦長廊叫兩半島，共有80間房屋，是後世供奉先賢先儒的地方，在唐朝受供奉的只有20餘人，到了民國多達156人，這些配享原為畫像，金時改為塑像，明代改為木製牌位，文革期間被拆掉。現在兩廊中主要存放漢畫像石刻和著名古碑。最珍貴的是漢魏六朝石刻22塊，如“五鳳”“禮器”“乙瑛”“孔廟”“史晨”“張猛龍”碑等，都為國家級石碑，被視為書法藝術的極品，價值連城的瑰寶。最北面的兩廡中，珍藏着584塊石碑，叫“玉虹樓”法貼，是孔子68代孫孔繼涑收集了歷代著名書法家的手跡慕刻而成，具有極高的藝術價值。

寢殿是供奉孔子夫人亓官氏的專祠。聖蹟殿是明萬曆年間，根據司馬遷<<史記.孔子世家>>編繪刻石的連環畫，共有120幅。這是我國第一部有完整人物故事的連環畫。

我們現在的位置是孔廟東路，這裏當年為孔子故宅，這口水井為“孔子故宅井”，是當年孔子飲水之井，後人稱為“聖水”。亭內的碑有乾隆“飲水拜師”和“故宅井贊”，乾隆8次來曲阜，竟有他5次題字。後面這座紅色牆壁叫“魯壁”，在秦始皇焚書坑儒時，孔子9世孫孔鮒把<<論語>>等經典藏在此壁內，牆壁倒塌後被人發現，孔子經典方才留傳於世。 這座殿堂叫“詩禮堂”，是當年孔子教兒子學詩學禮的地方，堂前有兩棵宋代銀杏樹，當初孔府曾用這棵樹的果實做菜，名叫“詩禮銀杏”大家在品嚐孔府菜時，千萬不要忘了點這道菜，因為此菜的出處就在這個地方。

孔廟是一個巨大的文化博物館，我們匆匆看一次，只可窺見一斑。不能觀其全貌，尤其是不能會其神韻，那就留待各位以後再來時細細品味吧。下面我們參觀孔府。

孔府即“衍聖公府”，也是世界文化遺產之一，全國重點文物保護單位。孔府大門與孔廟僅一牆之隔。孔府共佔地240畝，有廳、堂、樓、房463間，在路佈局，九進院落，東路為“東學”，西路為“西學”供遊人遊覽的主要是中路。

“衍聖公”是北宋至和二年(公元1055年)宋仁宗賜給孔子46代孫孔宗願的封號，這一封號子孫相繼，整整襲封了32代，歷時880多年。遠在這封號之前，自西漢以後，歷代封建王朝就給予孔子後代眾多封賜，漢代曾封孔子後代為“奉禮君”“關內候”，魏晉南北朝又封“宗聖候、崇聖大夫”;唐朝封“文宣公”;宋代封“衍聖公”，到民國孔子77代孔德成時，改稱“奉禮官”。“衍聖公”是我國封建社會享有特權的大貴族，被稱為“天下第一家”，在明代，不僅班列羣官之上，還特許在紫禁城騎馬等。孔子的嫡系長支大多住在孔府，一直到1948年孔子77代孫孔德成離開曲阜，遷至中國台灣。

孔府大門上方高懸藍底金字“聖府”二字。有趣的是門兩邊這幅對聯：上聯是“與國鹹休安富尊榮公府第”，“富”字缺上面一“點”，寓“富不到頂”，下聯為“同天並老文章道德聖人家”，“章”字一豎直通“立字”，寓“文章通天”。“與國鹹休”“同天並老”，這是多大的氣派!

孔府二門裏，這座獨具風格的門叫“恩賜重光門”，過去只有帝王大典、迎接“聖旨”時，此門才在13聲炮聲中徐徐啟開，此門又稱“儀門”或“塞門”。過去，一般官宦人家是不允許建的，只有封爵的邦君才能有其殊榮。

這個院子兩側的廳房，各掛有一個牌子，是孔府仿照建王朝六部而設的六廳，即管色廳、百户廳、典籍廳、司樂廳、知印廳、掌書廳。

孔府“大堂”，是“衍聖公”宣讀聖旨、接見官員、審理重大案件，舉行重大儀式的地方。正中太師椅上，披鋪斑斕虎皮，長桌上置文房四寶、印章令箭，兩旁擺滿各種兵器、更鼓、雲牌、龍旗、官銜木牌，象徵着孔府的種種特權，甚是威嚴。

二堂，也叫後廳，是當年衍聖公會見四品以上官員的地方，裏面的石碑和牌匾是清朝光緒、慈祥太后等封賜給衍聖公及夫人的。二堂東邊為啟事廳，為正四品官，負責上傳下達，西邊為伴官廳，為正七品，據説，過去官員赴京朝拜天子，一般只允許一主兩伴，而只有“衍聖公”可以一主四伴。

三堂，也叫退廳，也是衍聖公私設公堂，處理家庭內部事務的場所。以上三個大堂，層層疊進，很是森嚴，足顯出孔府的聖威和顯赫。

三堂過後，我們進入“內宅”，在過去，內宅絕對不許擅入，有皇帝賜給的虎尾棍、燕翅鏜、金頭玉棍，由十幾人輪流把守，有不遵令入內者，“打死勿論”。內宅門西邊這個水槽叫石流，過去挑水夫不得進入內宅，只把水倒進石流，淌入內宅。

內宅門的內壁上畫着一個形似麒麟的動物，叫“貪”，是傳説中的貪婪之獸，能吞下金銀財寶，你看它連八仙的寶物都吃掉了，還要去吃太陽。據説當年“衍聖公”出門時，都要駐足觀看此畫，並有人喊“過貪門”，以戒要清正廉潔，不要貪髒枉法。這對於我們現在的官員和“公僕”們，是不是也有借鑑和啟發呢?

這是前上房，有正廳7間，是孔府主人接待至親和朋友的地方，當年孔府戲班在此演戲，東側間有乾隆皇帝送給孔府的荊根牀，桌上有同治皇帝聖旨原件，中間是404件滿漢全席餐具，菜多達196道，可想孔府菜之豐盛。西里間，為衍聖公籤閲文件之處。

前堂樓是七間二層樓閣，富麗堂皇，室內陳設佈置，全為當年原貌，內有珍奇書畫墨寶、古玩衣冠，裏套間為孔子後代孔令貽夫人陶氏卧室，這是孔德成先生的生母，至今尚有她的照片，她原是孔府丫環，後被納妾，生下孔德成，但被陶氏害死。西套間是孔令貽另一夫人豐氏的卧室，此人一生無聲無息，27歲就死去了。 　這個院子是後堂樓，各有配樓三間，後堂樓是孔德成先生當年結婚的地方，堂中陳列着當年結婚的用品和名人贈送的禮品和題字。孔德成結婚時，正值西安事變期間，本來蔣介石先生要親自參加婚禮，但遭到抗日將領張學良、楊虎成的逮捕，自然，他也就不能參加這最後一代衍聖公的隆重婚禮了。

我們現在參觀孔府後花園，它建於明弘治20xx年(公元1520xx年),由吏部尚書太子太傅,也是孔子62代孫衍聖公孔聞韶的親家李東陽設計監工建造的,到了明嘉靖年間,太子太傅、吏部尚書、當朝權臣嚴嵩又助修建，嚴嵩的孫女嫁給了孔子64代衍聖公孔尚賢為一品夫人。到了清代，乾隆將自己的女兒嫁給了72代衍聖公孔憲培，又為修建孔府花園大動土木，經過前後三次大修，花園成了現在的規模，面積比北京故宮的花園還要大些。這裏面有各種奇花異草，古樹名石如“五柏抱槐”“太湖石假山”等，請各位隨意觀賞一下。

孔府存有大量無比珍貴的文物，尤其是十餘萬卷孔府檔案，更是稀世文物，為了保護這些文物，在李瑞環同志特此下，撥款修建了孔府檔案館，現在，這些文物和檔案得到了很好的保存。

各位朋友，剛才我們看了祭祀孔子的廟宇，看了孔子後代居住的府第孔府，下邊我們參觀埋葬孔子以及孔子後代的基地孔林。 孔 林 孔林，是孔子及其家庭的專用墓地，也是世界上延時最久、規模最大的家庭墓地，位於曲阜城北泗水之上，佔地三千餘畝，周圍垣牆高3米，厚1.5米，長 14.5華里。在這裏既可考春秋之葬，證秦漢之墓，又可研究我國曆代政治、經濟、文化的發展和喪葬風俗的演變歷史。孔林也是目前我國最大的人造園林。相傳孔子死後，“弟子各以四方奇木來植，故多異樹”。林內有各種樹木10萬多株，數百種植物。在萬木掩映之中，碑石林立，石像成羣，除一批著名的漢碑移入孔廟保護外，林內尚有唐、宋、金、元、明、清各代石碑3600多塊，又稱得上名副其實的碑林。過去墓地的“風水”，被孔子的後代視作“命根子”。例如，清光緒三十年(1920xx年)，勘測津浦鐵路時，原計劃經過曲阜，離孔林西牆很近。當時的衍聖公孔令貽得此消息十分着急，向朝廷連遞幾件呈文，説鐵路將“震動聖墓”，“破壞聖脈”，使祖宗靈魂不得安寧。結果鐵路到曲阜拐了個大彎，向西南繞行。如果沒有這檔子事，現在人們坐火車到曲阜遊覽，就不用先到兗州下車，然後改乘汽車了。 大門孔林大門始建於明代，清代重修

。進入孔林大門是一條長約1華里的甬道，迎面高大的門樓叫“觀樓”，俗稱“二林門”。此門原是古魯國城北門。大門到二門這一段，是孔林前突出的部分，類似古代城市建築的月城。 孔尚任墓位於孔林東北隅，墓碑上書“奉直大夫户部廣東清吏司員外郎東塘先生之墓”，即是孔尚任墓。孔尚任(1648--1720xx年)，字聘之，號東塘，自稱雲亭山人，是孔子第六十四代孫，我國清初著名劇作家，其代表作是桃花扇>>。他出生書香門弟，因屢試不第，中年隱居曲阜石門山。康熙二十三年(1684年)，康熙皇帝來曲阜祭孔時，他被孔府推薦為引駕官，並給皇帝講經，深得褒獎，破格提升為國子監博士。赴京任職期間曾到淮楊一帶治河，通過弔古跡，訪隱士，蒐集野史逸聞，對南明王朝的覆滅經過有了深切的感受。回京後曾任户部主事，員外郎等職。

公餘致力於戲曲創作。1699年，崑曲名劇桃花扇>>傳奇脱稿。王公顯貴爭相傳抄，戲班競相演唱，一時轟動京城。該劇以名士候方域與名妓李香君的愛情故事為主線，廣泛而深刻地反映了南明王朝滅亡的歷史。次年孔尚任卻被罷官回鄉，死後葬於此。他一生著述甚豐，另有詩文《石門山集》、《湖海集》、《岸堂文集》等。 於氏坊位於孔林北側，是孔子七十二代孫、衍聖公孔憲培與其妻於氏之墓。於氏原是清乾隆皇帝的女兒，那麼為什麼改姓於又嫁到孔府的呢?這裏還有段小故事。據説乾隆的女兒臉上有塊黑痣，相術説，這塊痣主災，破災的唯一辦法是將她嫁給一個有福的人。朝裏大臣們議論，天下只有孔聖人的後代最有福。但是當時是滿族統治，按規定滿漢不能通婚。於是有人給皇帝出主意將女兒認漢族大臣、户部尚書于敏忠為義父，這樣以於家的名義嫁到孔府。於氏死後，孔府為其立了這座“鸞音褒德”牌坊。 洙水橋孔林二門內有一條東西橫穿的小河，名曰：“洙水河”，因流經孔子墓前，與“聖脈”攸關，故被後世譽為“靈源無窮，宜與天地共長久”的“聖水”。

洙水本是古代的一條河流，與泗水並稱為“洙泗”，後來成為孟子發祥地的代稱。古洙水早已湮沒。河上有橋三座，左右皆為平橋，中間的一座拱橋在孔子墓前，名曰：“洙水橋”。 孔子墓甬道洙水橋北迎面綠瓦三楹的高台大門，叫“檔墓門”。過此門即是孔子墓甬道。甬道有四對巨型石雕，名曰：華表、文豹、角端、翁仲。華表又稱“望柱”，是進“天門”的標誌。文豹形象似豹，腋下噴火，温順善良。角端傳説日行一萬八千里，通四方語言，明外方幽遠之事。文豹、角端都是想象中的怪獸。翁仲，傳説為秦代驍將，威震邊塞，後為對稱，雕文、武兩像，用以守墓。甬道盡頭大殿是祭祀孔子設香壇的享殿。解放戰爭時，朱德總司令曾在此召開過軍事會議，所以又成為革命歷史文物。 孔子墓享殿之後紅色的牆院內就是孔子及其兒、孫三代的墓地。

孔子墓似一隆起的馬背，稱“馬鬣封”，是一種特殊尊貴的築墓形式。墓前石碑篆刻“大成至聖文宣王墓” 是明正統八年(1443年)黃養正書。孔子於公元前479年去世，當時魯國國君稱他為“尼父”。這是有別於封號的最尊貴的稱號。孔子有封號始於公元元年，漢平帝追封孔子為公爵，稱“褒成宣尼公”。此後帝王紛紛給孔子封號，至唐開元二十七年(739年)唐玄宗李隆基給孔子諡號“文宣”，始稱“文宣王”。到元武帝於大德十一年(1020xx年)加封為“大成至聖文宣王”後又稱“至聖先師”、“大成至聖先師”等等。歷代王朝都為孔子的封號選擇了最高的讚譽之詞，可見孔子思想學説，對歷代統治是何等重要。

孔子墓東為其子孔鯉墓，南為其孫孔伋墓。這種墓葬佈局為“攜子抱孫”以示人衍興旺。 孔鯉墓 孔子的兒子孔鯉，一生無大作為，年50歲先孔子去世。但因系“聖人”之 子，故被宋徽宗封為“泗水侯”。 子貢廬墓處孔子墓西三間房屋為子貢廬墓處。子貢，複姓端木，名賜，字子貢，是孔子得意門生之一，也是孔子弟子中善於經商的學生。孔子死後，眾弟子為孔子守墓三年，相訣而去，獨子貢在此又守三年。後人為紀念此事，建屋三間，立碑一座，題為“子貢廬墓處”。

孔伋墓孔子的孫子孔(前483--前420xx年)，是我國戰國時期著名的哲學家和思想家，孔子在世時，孔伋尚年幼。孔子死後，孔伋拜曾子為師。曾子，姓曾，名參，是孔子的得意門生，繼承了孔子學説的真諦，並傳授給孔伋。曾子著有大學>>等書。據記載論語> >也是以曾子的教學講義為藍本，由他的門人弟子編輯而成。孔伋潛心研究孔子學説，著成中庸>>一書。孔伋的學生又把孔子思想學説傳給孟子，孟子上承孔子之學，著成孟子>>一書。以上論語>>、大學>>、中庸>>、孟子>>古稱“四書”，是儒學經典著作。由此可見孔伋是儒家思想學派承上啟下的關鍵人物。

歷史進入到當代，孔子和他創立的儒家思想學説並未與時俱去。長期以來，特別是改革開放以來，國內的孔子研究空前活躍，國際上也出現了一股“儒學研究熱”，以探討和重新評價孔子和儒學的當代社會價值。由此我們相信，它必定推動曲阜旅遊事業的進一步發展，帶來空前的繁榮。

“三孔”的遊覽就到這裏，我再把其他一些主要景點和其它方面簡要的介紹一下。

曲阜的景點很多，多與孔子有關，可以更加增添您的感性認識，更多地瞭解孔子和孔子文化。孔子六藝城座落在曲阜城南，是最近興建的一座大型旅遊景觀，佔地200畝，投資5000餘萬元，它以孔子禮、樂、射、御、書、數為主線，讓您在參與中、在娛樂中領會孔子思想的博大精深，在這裏面您可以欣賞到盡善盡美的古樂舞，看到全國最大的青銅塑像，看到全世界最大的一部論語，可以乘坐古牛車遊列國，是曲阜繼“三孔”以後的又一重要旅遊景點。“論語碑苑”是反映孔子<<論語>>內容的園林建築，山水亭榭，曲徑通幽，品味很高;尼山孔廟，在曲阜城東南25公里，是孔子的出生地，山清水秀，古蹟眾多;顏廟，是祭祀孔子弟子顏子的大型古建築羣，出孔府後門再往東30米即到;出顏廟再向東一里路，即到了紀念週公的大型古建築周公廟，那裏有眾多的古樹和魯國故城遺址;出曲阜城向東6裏，就是軒轅黃帝的出生地壽丘，在那裏您可以看到為紀念黃帝而立的全世界最大的巨碑“宣和碑”“慶壽碑”，可以看到中國金字塔式的陵墓“少昊陵”;您如果要了解古代魯國的風俗人情，可以參觀一下魯國盛世華夏文化城。在曲城北的石門山，是國家級森林公園，林木茂盛，景點眾多，也是孔尚任隱居寫<<桃花扇>>，以及唐代大詩人李白、杜甫生平最後一次宴別之處。在曲阜城南20公里，就是孟子的家鄉，有其規模比三孔稍小些的孟廟、孟府、孟林、孟母林、有岱南奇觀嶧山。向北60公里，就是五嶽之首，被稱為中華之魂的泰山，向西90公里，就可以看到水泊梁山的遺址和風光。

曲阜交通便利，104、327兩條國道從曲阜城交叉通過，曲阜距濟南國際機場150公里，距濟寧機場60公里，距兗州火車站15公里。

各位朋友如需購物，有不少有特色的旅遊產品供大家挑選，著名的孔府家酒、孔府香油、孔府黑芝麻板、孔子拓片、尼山硯、儒家經典著作等都很有紀念意義。

曲阜擁有一批星級賓館給各位提供良好的服務和食宿條件，三星級的闕里賓舍座落在孔廟、孔府一側，環境優雅，功能齊全;杏壇賓館是二星級飯店，座落在六藝城附近，富麗堂皇;貴賓樓也是二星級飯店，與曲阜汽車站僅一路之隔;座落在市中心的三孔大酒店、孔府飯店、曲阜大酒店，也都有較好的硬件設施和上乘的服務，各賓館都有富有特色的孔府菜供您享用。

曲阜是信義之鄉，禮儀之邦，濃郁的風土人情，熱情好客的人民，古樸的小城風貌都會使您留戀忘返。