北京天壇的英文導遊詞（精選12篇）

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇1

Today, well go to visit the Temple of Heaven. First, I'll give you a brief introduction of it. The Temple of Heaven is situated in the southern part of Beijing. It was first built in 1420 in the Ming Dynasty. It covers an area of 273 hectares. The Temple of Heaven is not only the largest group of temple building in China, but also the largest heaven-worshipping architecture in the world.

Originally the Temple of Heaven was built according to the Temple of Heaven and Earth in Nanjing, so both heaven and earth were worshiped here, then it was called Temple of Heaven and Earth at that time. In 1530, another structure, Temple of Earth was built in the northern part of Beijing and the Heaven and Earth were worshipped separately. Since only Heaven was worshipped in here, it was renamed the Temple of Heaven.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Temple of Heaven was the place where the emperors came to worship the God of Heaven and pray for good harvest. The emperors came here twice a year. The first time was on the 15 th day of the first lunar month. The emperor would come to the Hall of the prayer for Good Harvest and held a big ceremony to pray for a bumper harvest. The second time was on Winter Solstice, and a sacrificial ceremony would be held at the Circular Mount Altar to offer a sacrifice to the Heaven.

Being a sacred place for worshipping heaven, the Temple of Heaven had been twice seriously damaged by the Anglo-French Allied Forces in 1860 and the invading troops of the eight powers in 1900.

Architecturally speaking, the Temple of Heaven has two themes: the heave and the earth. The surrounding walls of the Temple of Heaven are 6 meters high with a semicircular wall to the north and square shaped wall to the south. This represents an ancient belief that the heaven was round and the earth was square. There are three main buildings in the Temple of Heaven, they are: the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, the Imperial Heavenly Vault and the Circular Mound Altar.

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇2

ladies and gentlemen:

welcome to the temple of heaven. (after self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of china. there are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. all in all ，there are 12 million visitors very year. now we are going to go along the route that leads to the alter. it will take roughly one hour. mind you ，the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the god of heaven.

the largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to heaven ，the temple of heaven served as an exclusive altar for chinese monarchs during the ming and qing dynasties. it was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship heaven and pray for good harvest. but why ?

the ancient chinese believed that heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind，and thus worshiping rites dedicated to heaven came into being.

the heaven the ancient chinese referred to was actually the universe， or nature. in those days， there were specfic rites of worship. this was especially true during the ming and qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.

the temple of heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of emperor youngle of the ming dynasty. situated in the southern part of the city ，this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. to better symbolize heaven and earth ，the northern part of the temple is circular while the southern part is square whole compound is enclosed by two walls， a square wall outside a round one. the outer area is characterized by suburban scenery， while the inner part is used for sacrifices. the inner enclosure consists of the hall of prayer for good harvest and the circular mound altar.

the circular mound altar is enclosed by two walls ，each containing four groups of southern lattice star gate， each in turn consisting of three doors， with 24 marble doors altogether. standing on the passage facing north， you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. this reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs， while the narrower one was used by courtiers.

on the day of the ceremony ，the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. he ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter.

we are now on the top terrace of the altar， or the third terrace terrace has a flight of 9 steps. at the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. at the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. the number of stones in the first ring is 9， in the second ，18， up to 81 in the 9th ring. even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of 9. but why?

according to ancient chinese philosophy， yin and yang were two opposing factors. heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the earth and even numbers belonged to yin. nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . what is more， the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.

once more look at the round stone in the center. the upper terrace is nine zhang (a chinese unit of length， one zhang equals 3.3 meters ) in circumference ，while the middle is 15 zhang， the lower，21 zhang. classified as yang numbers， the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized success. what is more， by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples， the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized . the concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.

now i will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the inter solstice. the memorial tablet dedicated to heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace， while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks. the service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning. all of the lanterns would be lit the foreground， a sacrificial calf is being barbecued. on the square in front of the altar， the emperor， under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers， princes of royal blood ，musicians， dancers and uniformed soldiers， would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of heaven. when the service drew to a close ，the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing god off c and dancing would follow the end ，the emperor would return to the forbidden city secure in the belief that he would be blessed and protected by heaven until the next winter solstice.

it is interesting to note that ，the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance ，since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer. the stone ，which is known as the god`s heart stone， is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder， thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service can try this out by yourself. (proceed northward to pass through the lattice stargate)

this structure is known as heaven` s storehouse. it is entered through the gate of glazed tiles. the roofing，beams， and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks. this is the only structure of its kind in china today .

the heaven` s storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept. douglas hurd， a former british foreigh secretary ，once said ， “god attends to his affairs on the cir4cular mound altar but stays here. ” now let` s go in to to see it (go through the left side door)

(in the courtyard of heaven` s storehouse)this is the imperial vault of heaven， the main structure of heaven` s storehouse. it was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter. the structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball ，and carved wooden doors and windows. it is decorated with colored paintings. founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace ，the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.. the ramp is carved in “two dragons playing with a pearl ” design in relief. we will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.

the arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. on top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caisson ，or covered ceiling ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. the 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.

to the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal. atop it ，up a wooden flight of 9 steps， is where the major tablet dedicate to heaven was enshrined. on each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the qing emperors. in the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the qing emperors. in the annex halls in the courtyard， there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun， moon ，constellation， cloud ，rain， wind and thunder.

aside from exquisitely laid out architectures， heaven` s storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features， i. e. the echo wall and the triple- sound stone. a mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side， although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. this is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth ，solid bricks.

in front of the steps leading away from the halls is the triple sound stone. if you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands， the sound will echo once; on the second stone， the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone， the sound will repeat three times. hence the name. (go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path nor thward)

the temple of heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60，000 cypress trees in all，among which over 4，000 are more than one hundred years old ，adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the nine-dragon cypress. it is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.

Now we are back again on the central axis. this brick-arched gate is known as chengzhen (adopting fidelity) gate is the northern gate of the circular mound altar and the hall of prayer for good harvest. the hall of prayer for good harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. it was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.

entering the hall of prayer for good harvest， we set foot on a raised passage 360 meters long， which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. this broad north-south walkway， called danbiqiao (red stairway bridge)， connects the two sets of main building in the temple of heaven and constitutes a single axis.

the passage is divided into left， control and right paths by the cross arrangement of slabs. the central and the widest path is known as heavenly thoroughfare ， which was reserved exclusively for god; nobody， including the emperor， was allowed to set foot onto it . the emperor used the path on the east，which is known as the imperial walk. the ministers and princes used the one on the west resting enough ，there is no walkway left for ordinary people. this is because the temple of heaven used to be off-limits to them.

contrary to appearances， this walkway is not a bridge at all . but how so ? this road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. the cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. all in all ，it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in beijing.

looking back at the thoroughfare， you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. as people approach the architectural group of the hall of prayer for good harvest， the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. here you are in heaven.

the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai， or costumechanging terrace. it is located to the east of the red stairway bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters has marble slab balustrades. the day before the service ，officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. after the service，the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (proceed to the south gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest)

this structure is called the gate of pray for good harvest. we can catch a slight glimpse of the central building ，the hall of prayer for good harvest， though the colonnade of the gate. a gigantic and lofty group of buildings， the complex includes the gate of prayer for good harvest， the hall of prayer for good harvest， eastern and western annex halls ，the huanqian (imperial heaven) long corridor， heaven kitchen， slaughterhouse， etc.

the annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace ，to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall unique building ，38 meters in height， is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball. the roofing is made of blue glazed tiles， the color of the sky rneath the roof， the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. the base of the structure is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace. at a distance， the terrace looks like a gigantic， spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it .

today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of beijing， which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.

the base of the hall is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace， which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height ，covering a space of 4，000 square meters. meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. in the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs， there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud， dragon and phoenix designs. to set off the ramps， the top of the balustrades and downpipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls. in southern part of each tier， a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed. sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.

(in front of the hall of prayer for good harvest) climbing up this marble terrace， we see the main hall，a masterpiece of ancient china. looking up you will see the caisson， or covered ceiling， characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes. in and out ， the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.

without the use of steel ，cement and nail， and even without the use of big beams and crossbeams，the entire structure is supported by 28 massive wooden pillars and number of bars， laths， joints and rafters. the four central pillars， called the dragon-well pillars， are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers， representing the four season. there are two rings of 12 scarlet pillars each. the inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night een the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the chinese lunar year. the pillars， 28 in number， also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.

the center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab， which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter. interestingly， the slab features natural black and white veins， corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling. this particular slab is known as the dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.

the furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when emperor xianfeng ruled the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of heaven. on either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed. each tablet is fronted by an altar. a total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it ，including soup， wine， assorted cereals， and a calf.

the sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning， sometime in the first month of the chinese lunar year. because it was still dark， candles， lanterns and torches were lit. this lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall ，helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.

by the time the service began，207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall. the emperor， in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of piety and sincerity， would walk slowly into the hall， kowtow， and offer wine and prayer in hornor of the deities and his ancestors. all of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for good harvest. with this we conclude our visit to the temper of heaven. the feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history ver， this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.

from the eastern gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest， we have now enter a 300-meter-long corridor. consisting of 72 sections， this corridor served as a connecting building between the slaughterhouse. heaven kitchen， and the main hall ，it is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line. flanking the corridor are shopping stalls. you may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.

well ，that is all for this tour. thank you for your attention. i look forward to your next visit. good luck and bon voyage.

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇3

各位遊客，你們好!今天我們要參觀的是以前皇帝祭天的地方——天壇。

天壇是明朝永樂皇帝建成的祭天聖壇，主建築是大祀殿，也就是今天的祈年殿。天壇有外壇牆和內壇牆，北圓南方，寓意天圓地方。乾隆年間，將大祀殿改為現在的祈年殿，將屋頂瓦片改成藍色的琉璃瓦，形成了今天我們看到的這個世界上最大的祭天建築羣。

這一祭天聖地，在1860年遭到了英法聯軍的洗劫，1900年又遭到八國聯軍的蹂躪。新中國成立以後，這裏成了著名的旅遊景點，來這裏的除了旅遊者，還有很多健身的人們。

現在就讓我們沿着當年皇帝登壇的路線開始遊覽。

現在我們是沿着天壇建築的中軸線在向南行進，將要看到的就是古代皇帝祭天的圜丘壇。圜丘有兩道圍護牆，外方內圓，符合天圓地方的説法。每道牆都有四組門，大家可以注意到，門的大小都不一樣，這是因為中門是上帝專用的，所以高大;皇帝只能從左側的門進入;而其他的官員只能從右邊最小的門通過。

來到圜丘壇下，我們馬上要開始登壇了，不過要請您留心數一數，每層壇面都有多少台階。到了最高層，大家會發現，壇上所有的台階數，都是九或者九的倍數。這些難道都是巧合麼?當然不是，因為古人認為九是極陽數，所以工匠們便用這個數字來賦予圜丘壇“崇高”之意。

説完了神壇的奇妙，我再給您介紹一下祭天大典的盛況。

到了每年的冬至，皇帝就要在這裏祭天。在這個典禮上，需要特別提到的是皇帝恭讀祝文所站立的地方，就是這塊天心石。它是天壇三大聲學現象之一。在這裏朗讀的時候聲音特別洪亮，各位遊客不妨體驗一下，也像當年的皇帝一樣，向上天訴説自己美好的願望。

現在咱們繼續沿着中軸線行走，面前的建築叫做天庫，它的正殿就是皇穹宇。皇穹宇三個字也分別代表了“至高無上”“天”“宇宙”的意思，更加顯示出它的神聖和至尊。這組建築不僅十分精美，而且還有迴音壁和三音石，這和剛才我們説的“天心石”合稱天壇三大聲學現象。

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇4

尊敬的女士們、先生們、小朋友們：

大家好!

我是今天的導遊盛澤西，大家可以叫我小盛。今天我們要參觀的是天壇，它是世界著名文化遺產之一。今天，我很高興和大家共同欣賞它美麗的景色和建築，共度這段美好的時光，預祝大家玩得愉快!。

天壇是明清兩代皇帝祭天的場所，始建於明永樂20xx年(1420xx年)，以後經過不斷的擴建，至清乾隆年間建成。它從建成開始，一直是皇帝祭天的專用祭壇，一直延續了490年，直到1920xx年辛亥革命封建帝制結束，它也完成了它的使命。1920xx年被闢為公園，從此後“任人遊覽”。1957年被列入北京市第一批古建築文物保護單位。1961年被國務院列入第一批全國重點文物保護單位。

天壇公園現有面積為205萬平方米，保存有祈谷壇、圜丘壇、齋宮、神樂四組古建築羣，有古建築92座600餘間。是世界上現存規模最大、形制最完備的古代祭天建築羣。天壇有3500餘株古松柏、古槐，樹齡逾數百年。

天壇不僅是中國古代皇帝的祭壇，也是中國悠久的祭天文化的結晶，其宏偉的建築、蒼翠的古樹、豐富的文物收藏既記載了中國古代先民的企盼和希望，也記載了封建帝王的睿智、昏庸和腐朽。

各位親愛的遊客朋友們，我們今天的遊覽就要結束了。非常高興能與大家共同度過這段美好的時光。對我今天的導遊有什麼不滿意之處，請大家批評指正，謝謝!

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇5

各位遊客，我們今天所要參觀的就是以前皇帝祭天的地方――天壇。明朝永樂皇帝遷都北京以後，在北京南城仿照南京的大祀殿建立了這座用於祭天的聖壇，佔地面積達到了273萬平方米。主要有五組建築羣，分別是圜丘壇建築羣、祈谷壇建築羣、齋宮建築羣、神樂署和犧牲所建築羣。天壇有外壇牆和內壇牆，北面是圓形，南面是方形，取意天圓地方。在一開始，祭天和祭地都是天壇，直到明嘉靖年間在北城修建了地壇，才分開的，並且新增了圜丘壇，用於孟冬祭天，把原來的大祀殿改為大享殿，專門用於孟春祈谷，當時殿宇屋頂已經是三重檐了，從上至下的藍黃綠三色瓦分別代表了天地萬物。而在乾隆年間，將大享殿改為現在的祈年殿，而將屋頂瓦片都改成了藍色的琉璃瓦。從而形成了今天我們所看到的這個世界上規模最大、形制最完備的古代祭天建築羣。

可是這樣一個祭天聖地，卻也曾經在1860年時遭到英法聯軍的洗劫，繼而在1900年的時候又遭到了八國聯軍的蹂躪。在1916年袁世凱登基的時候也曾經在天壇上演了一出祭天的鬧劇。在1918年元旦那天，天壇正式對外開放。1957年，北京市政府公佈天壇為北京第一批文物保護單位。1961年，天壇被國務院公佈為全國重點文物保護單位。1998年12月，聯合國教科文組織將天壇列入《世界遺產名錄》。

今日的天壇是歷史文化名城北京古都風貌的重要組成部分，壇內的祈年殿已經成為古都北京的象徵。

下面就由我帶領大家沿着當年皇帝登壇的路線開始此次遊覽。現在我們正沿着天壇建築的中軸線向北行進，將要看到的就是古代皇帝祭天的圜丘壇。圜丘外圍有兩道壇牆，外方內圓，符合天圓地方的説法。兩道壇牆的四個正位設櫺星門。從東面依次是泰元門、昭亨門、廣利門、成貞門，每組三門，共有24座，稱為“雲門玉立”。大家可以注意到，櫺星門的大小都不一樣，這是因為中門是皇天上帝專用的，所以高大;皇帝只能從左側的門進入，這是因為古代以左為尊;而其他的官員只能從右邊最小的門通過。這四門的名稱出自《易經·乾卦》的卦辭“元亨利貞”。“元”為元始本原，“亨”為無不亨通，“利”為和諧有利，“貞”為正固持久。這四個字本用來讚美天的本質，也稱為天之“四德”。而門外的一座平台就是皇帝在祭天大典之前更換祭服和盥洗的地方，叫做具服台。

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇6

大家好：歡迎大家來到北京天壇遊玩。今天由我為大家介紹天壇的歷史，我叫尤思媛，大家叫我尤導就可以了。

現在我們來到的地方是天壇的正前方。天壇，是古代皇帝祭祀求佛的地方。位於故宮正南偏東的城南，正陽門外東側。始建於明朝永樂十八年(1420xx年)，是中國古代明、清兩朝歷代皇帝祭天之地。總面積為2公頃。天壇(Temtple of Heaven 1961年)，國務院公佈天壇為“全國重點文物保護單位”。1998年被列為聯合國教科文組織確認為“世界文化遺產”。

請大家不要掉隊，現在我們眼前的是圖丘。圓丘，在天雲南半部，始建於嘉靖九年(1530年)，坐北朝南，四周繞着紅色的宮牆，上面裝飾着綠色的琉璃瓦，俗都子牆。子牆四周各有一扇大門。北門叫成貞門，也稱北天門;東門叫泰元門，西門叫廣利門;南面正門叫昭亨門。每座門上題有滿漢合璧門。將各門名稱的第一個字順序排為元、亨、利、貞、元，代表始生萬物。

謝謝大家，今天我的天壇一小時講解結束，感謝大家的支持和信任，請大家不要破壞文物，大聲喧譁，希望給找打五星好評喲!

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇7

各位朋友，現在我們來到了天壇，首先我為大家簡單介紹一下，天壇是世a686964616fe58685e5aeb界上現存的規模最大的古代皇家祭祀性建築羣，它是明清兩代皇帝祭天、祈谷及祈雨的地方.天壇完工於公元1420年，位於紫禁城的東南方向，全園佔地273公頃，是紫禁城面積的4倍。在中軸線上有三組非常重要的建築，自南向北依次是圜丘壇、皇穹宇及祈年殿。另外，園中西側有齋宮等建築，全園遍植古鬆、莊嚴肅穆，是一處非常理想的祭祀場所。

在明代，天壇初建之時，實行天地合祭，不僅祭天，而且祭地，其位置便是今天祈年殿所在的祈谷壇上。後來，在京城的北面設地壇，專門祭地，又在祈年殿的南側修建了圜丘壇及皇穹宇，專門祭天，從而形成了今天的格局及規模。1900年八國聯軍入侵北京，天壇也未能倖免於難。侵略者在此胡作非為，盜走並破壞無數珍貴文物，犯下不可饒恕的罪行。

最後一個在這裏祭天的人是竊國大盜袁世凱，但天不隨人願，袁某隻做了83天皇帝癮便一命歸西了。解放後，國家多次撥款重修天壇，但不再是為了祭天，而是為了給世人、給世界留下一份遺產。

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇8

現在咱們繼續沿着中軸線行走，面前的建築叫做天庫，而它的正殿就是皇穹宇。皇穹宇建於明嘉靖九年，起初叫做泰神殿，到了十七年，改名為現在的皇穹宇，它的作用就是在平日存放圜丘壇祭祀主神的地方，所以這裏也叫圜丘壇寢宮。殿內正面的圓形石台上安放的就是皇天上帝的神牌，而前邊兩側的四個方形石台上安放的則是八位祖先神主，還有東西配殿用來存放從祀神位。而皇穹宇三個字也分別代表了至高無上，天，宇宙的意思，更加顯示出它的神聖和至尊。

它是一座建築藝術價值非常高的殿宇，總體呈圓形，下邊是高2.85米的圓形須彌座，為青白石築成，有東南西三個方向的出陛，也就是台階，而在南向出陛還有二龍戲珠的丹陛石。上邊是藍色筒瓦單檐攢尖鎏金寶頂。而在殿內還有八根檐柱和八根金柱，大殿上架沒有橫樑承託，全都是靠各類斗拱層層上疊來支撐，步步收縮，從而形成了精美的穹隆圓頂。這裏邊還運用了物理學中的槓桿原理。這組建築不僅十分精美，而且還有迴音壁和三音石，這和剛才我們説的天心石合稱天壇三大聲學現象。迴音壁就是皇穹宇的外牆，圍牆建造的磨磚對縫，十分的平滑，是很好的聲音載體，可以傳聲，在傳遞途中對聲音損失極小，只要對着牆説話，就算相隔四五十米，見不到面，都可以清晰的聽到對方説話。而三音石則是皇穹宇大殿正前方的三塊石頭，您站在第一塊石頭上拍手可以聽到一次迴音，第二塊石頭可以聽到兩次，而第三塊就可以聽到三次迴音，所以稱為三音石。在後來也有人把它叫做三才石，取天地人三才的意思。

也許您剛才就已經注意到了，天壇有非常多的柏樹，不錯，它就好像北京一個天然的氧吧。而在這許多古柏當中，有一株500餘歲的檜柏，就是迴音壁西牆外的這棵九龍柏。它的樹幹紋理非常的奇特，佈滿了溝壑，而且旋轉扭曲，好像9條蟠龍纏繞嬉戲，所以叫它九龍柏真是一點也不過分。

在遊覽過了圜丘壇和皇穹宇之後，我們就即將走進祈谷壇了，而現在我們腳下連接兩個祭壇的就是丹陛橋，也叫做海墁大道，而它也是皇帝登上祈谷壇的唯一通道，長360米，橋面上分為三條道，中間的是神道，東邊是御道，西邊的就是王道。而它作為通道為什麼又要稱為橋呢?這有兩種説法，一種是説路面南低北高，步步高昇，好像與天相連接的橋;而另一種就是説路面下邊建有進牲門，類似立交橋，所以稱之為橋。説到進牲門，就是在祭祀前，牛羊都要通過橋下的一個券門被趕到500米外的宰牲亭宰殺，製成供品，所以這個通道也被叫做鬼門關，因為一進去就有死無生了。

好，回到正題，現在呈現在您面前的就是祈谷壇的完整建築羣。前面的這個石台是具服台，在每年孟春祈谷祭祀之前，皇帝照例還是要來到這裏搭建幄次，盥洗更衣，所以這裏還有小金殿之稱。

到此，祈谷壇的主體建築祈年殿就出現在我們面前了。祈年殿下的基座是三層的圓形石台，而在正面三層石台階中，分別裝飾着巨大的浮雕，叫做殿前丹陛石雕。從下之上內容分別是：瑞雲山海，雙鳳山海，雙龍山海。各層排水孔的圖案和浮雕的內容也是對應的。東西兩旁的配殿個有九間，原來是安放從祀牌位的地方，不過在家靖年間，把它們挪到了先農壇，所以現在這裏也就沒有什麼實際用途了。而祈年殿本身就是一座極具中國特色的獨特建築。圓形三重檐攢尖屋頂向上層層收縮，都是用藍色的琉璃瓦覆蓋，以此來象徵天。頂部是鎏金寶頂，抬頭仰視，便是龍鳳藻井，中心是龍鳳成祥的圖案。而巨大的三層殿頂就是靠殿內的28根落地柱支撐的，中間的四柱名叫龍井柱，東南西北方向分別代表了春夏秋冬;而龍井柱外圍的12個紅漆金柱所分割出來的12個開間，則分別代表了一年的12個月份;外面兩環的24個開間有分別代表了一年的24個節氣;同時，這28根大柱，也代表了天上的28個星宿。據説這祈年殿是仿照古代明堂設計建造的。在感歎殿內建築的同時，也讓我們把注意力逐漸轉移到殿內的陳設上來。這裏的陳設是按照清朝咸豐年間原狀恢復的，正面的雕龍寶座上供奉着的是滿漢合璧的皇天上帝神版，左右兩側的石台上供奉的是清朝前八位皇帝的牌位。

和每年的祭天一樣，這裏是用來祈谷的地方。在祭祀的當天，有樂隊在殿外月台上奏樂，身穿祭服的皇帝虔誠步入神殿，向牌位行大禮，祈禱上蒼，然後把供品送到祈年門外東邊的燔柴爐和燎爐焚燒，送上天宮。祈谷禮節和祭天的差不多。

到這裏，祈年殿也差不多講完了，而它還有一個附屬建築，作用和皇穹宇差不多，也是存放祈谷壇祭祀神主的地方，就是祈年殿北側的皇乾殿。

現在我們從祈谷壇的東門出來，可以看到一條連檐通脊的長廊，共有七十二間，俗稱七十二連房，它不僅用來連接神廚神庫，而且也是祭祀時運送祭品的通道，在長廊的東頭，就是宰牲亭，就是前面所説過了鬼門關的牲畜要道這裏來屠宰。而在長廊的東南方向，有八塊巨大的青石，稱為七星石，都是風水鎮石。可是這裏命名有八塊石頭為什麼叫七星呢?原來明代在這裏放的的確是七塊石頭，而最小的那一塊則是清代增添上的。關於七星石的説法每個朝代都不同。在明代，有個道士和皇帝説祈年殿的方位不好，不利於國家，所以就在這裏放了象徵着北斗七星的七塊石頭。而在清代，康熙皇帝為了給滿族愛新覺羅氏尋找從東北如主中原的理論依據，就派人考察山脈，發現泰山是長白山的餘脈，所以就在原來七塊石頭的東北方有放了一小塊兒青石，象徵東北長白山，如果按這種説法，那八塊石頭就應該叫做七峯東嶽。 暫且不管他們怎麼定論了。今天的觀光遊覽就要結束了，在天壇的這段時光希望能成為您北京之遊中的永恆記憶。同時也請您把天壇的祝福帶給您的家人朋友。

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇9

親愛的遊客們，你們好嗎？我是你們的導遊，你們可以叫我劉導，我們今天所要參觀的就是以前皇帝祭天的地方——天壇。

明朝永樂皇帝在北京南城仿照南京的大祀殿建立了這作用於祭天的聖壇，主建築是大祀殿，也就是今天祈年殿的位置上。天壇有外壇牆和內壇牆，北面是圓形，南面是方形，取意天圓地方。

現在我們正沿着天壇建築的中軸線向南行進，將要看到的就是古代皇帝祭天的圜丘壇。圜丘有兩道圍護牆，使外方內圓，符合天圓地方的説法。需要特別提到的是皇帝恭讀祝文所站立的地方，就是剛才所説的枱面中心天心石。他是天壇三大聲學現象之一。在這裏朗讀的時候聲音特別洪亮，而且現在這裏也是一樣的，各位遊客不妨體會一下這奇特的效果，也像當年的皇帝一樣，向上天訴説自己美好的願望。

也許您剛才就已經注意到了，天壇有非常多的柏樹，不錯，它就好像北京一個天然的氧吧。而在這許多古柏當中，有一株500餘歲的檜柏，就是迴音壁西牆外的這棵九龍柏。它的樹幹紋理非常的奇特，佈滿了溝壑，而且旋轉扭曲，好像9條蟠龍纏繞嬉戲，所以叫它九龍柏真是一點也不過分。請大家不要攀爬樹木，注意自己的言行，這是一個神聖的地方，我們要保持寧靜的心態，

解放以後天壇不僅成了着名的旅遊景點，而且還是北京城市綠地的組成部分，來這裏的不光是旅遊者，還不乏一些專門為了強身健體的老人們。

今天的遊覽結束了，希望這次遊覽能讓大家記住、在大家的心裏留下深刻的回憶。

希望大家下次再來哦。

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇10

各位團友大家好，今天我們要參觀的是世界上現存規模最大、保存最完整的古代祭天建築羣——天壇。

天壇位於北京東南側，也是我國和世界上現存規模最大的古代祭祀性建築羣。始建於明永樂四年，至明永樂十八年完工。佔地面積273公頃。相當於故宮的三倍還多。是明清兩代皇帝祭天祈谷的場所，每年“三孟”舉行祭祝，即孟春祈谷，孟夏祈雨，孟冬祀天。初建時這裏也是祭祀地神的地方，稱天地壇。直到明嘉靖九年在北部另建地壇。那時天地開始分別祭祀，同時還另建兩壇。才形成了現今的南天壇、北地壇、東日壇、西月壇這“京郊四壇”。

天壇是圜丘、祈谷兩壇的總稱。建築佈局呈“回”字形，有壇牆兩重，形成內外壇，壇牆南方北圓，象徵天圓地方，故又稱天地牆。主要建築有祈年殿、圜丘壇、皇穹宇、齋宮、外壇神樂署和犧牲所。除了齋宮在西部以外，其他主要三組均在一條中軸線上。在北京古代建築中是唯一一箇中軸不對稱的建築。

可是這樣一個祭天聖地，卻也曾經在1860年時遭到英法聯軍的洗劫，繼而在1900年的時候又遭到了八國聯軍的蹂躪。在1916年袁世凱登基的時候也曾經在天壇上演了一出祭天的鬧劇。在1918年，天壇最終還是以公園開放。解放以後天壇不僅成了著名的旅遊景點，而且還是北京城市綠地的組成部分，來這裏的不光是旅遊者，還不乏一些專門為了強身健體的老人們。

現在就讓我們沿着當年皇帝登壇的路線開始此次遊覽。

我們先介紹一下齋宮。齋宮位於天壇西門內，裏面有著名的無樑殿。面積約4萬平方米，有小紫禁城之稱，是皇帝祭祀前齋戒的地方。皇帝在祭天前要在此齋戒三天。三天裏“不吃葷、不飲酒、不娛樂、多沐浴、不理刑名、不近女色。”所謂至齋。在齋宮殿前的露台上左右還各有一個石亭。右面的為時辰亭，左面的為齋戒銅人亭。銅人高0.5米身着文官服飾，相傳是唐代的魏徵。手持齋戒銅牌，上刻“齋戒”二字，用來警示皇上。

下面我們來看圜丘壇。圜丘壇通高5.7米，分三層。每層的四個方向各有九級艾葉青石鋪就的台階。四面圍有漢白玉護欄。壇外面有兩道圍牆，圍牆從東向面依次有泰元、昭亨、廣利、成貞四座櫺星門。現在我們開始登壇，請大家注意一下壇面。壇面上所用的石料的數字都與九相關，上層直徑9丈，中層直徑15丈，下層直徑21丈。三層共45丈，既是9 的倍數又含有“__之尊”的意思。最上一層壇面中間的那塊圓形的大理石叫做天心石。又叫“億兆影從石”。人站在上面説話會感到強烈的共鳴。圍繞天心石這一層共砌着9圈巨大的扇形石，第一圈9塊，第二圈18塊。以此類推，到了最外邊的第九圈正好是81塊;第二層，第層也一樣。直至最外第27圈。同樣大家抬頭就可以看到的護板被四面台階分為四個部分，每個部分也都有9塊，中層的護板是18塊，下層的是27塊，這些都是根據陰陽五行來做的。9是極陽數，所以古代的工匠便用這個數字來強調天的崇高，神聖。祭天時的步驟可分為：燔柴迎帝神、蒼壁禮天、進俎、初獻禮、亞獻禮、終獻禮、撤饌、送帝神、望燎。

大家再看圜丘壇的西南方。有三座高大的石台，叫做望燈台。台上的長杆是望燈杆。杆高九丈,通體紅色。祭天時，望燈杆上各懸掛一隻直徑六尺高八尺的燈籠。燈籠內點蟠龍通宵寶蠟，可持續燃燒六個時辰。不滅、不流油、不用剪蠟花。

現在咱們繼續沿着中軸線行走，前面的建築就是天庫——皇穹宇。皇穹宇建於明嘉靖九年，起初叫做泰神殿，嘉靖十七年，改名為現在的皇穹宇，這裏是專門存放神牌的地方。既有皇天上帝的神牌，也有風雷雨電的神牌。這組建築不僅造型精美，而且還有和天心石合稱天壇三大聲學現象的迴音壁、三音石。

迴音壁就是皇穹宇的外牆，圍牆建造的磨磚對縫，是很好的傳聲體，只要正確的對着牆説話，就算相隔四五十米，見不到面，都可以清晰的聽到對方説話。而三音石則是皇穹宇大殿正前方的三塊石頭，您站在第一塊石頭上拍手可以聽到一次迴音，第二塊石頭可以聽到兩次，而第三塊就可以聽到三次迴音，所以叫三音石。後來取天地人三才之意又叫“三才石”。

大家應該早就注意到了吧!天壇有非常多的柏樹。而在這許多古柏當中，有一株500餘歲的檜柏，就是迴音壁西牆外的那棵九龍柏。因為它的樹幹表面佈滿了旋轉扭曲的溝紋，猶如九龍飛騰，所以叫它九龍柏。

迴音壁北側，有一條寬廣的大道，也就是叫做海墁大道的丹陛橋。因路面下邊建有涵洞成立體交叉，類似立交橋，所以稱之為橋。穿過丹陛橋後，我們看到的就是祈谷壇建築羣了。祈谷壇是三層漢白玉圓壇，佔地面積近六千平方米。祈年殿就建上面。

祈年殿是天壇的象徵。也曾經是中國的象徵性建築物，原名大祀殿。有祈禱豐收之年的意思。在建築上，它是圓形重檐攢尖頂，頂部覆蓋藍色竹節瓦。逐層收縮，高達九丈，由28根紅柱子支撐。是我國唯一留下來的仿明堂式建築。過去，琉璃瓦分三種顏色，也三種不同的意思。即：上青，代表上天、中黃，代表皇帝、下綠，代表黎民百姓。後為了表示對上天的尊敬，全部改換成藍色琉璃瓦。

而殿頂和支撐殿頂的28根柱子，也有不同的代表意義。殿頂周長30丈，代表一月30天。四根龍井柱，象徵一年有四個季節。中層12根象徵一年有12個月。外層12根象徵一日有12時辰。中層與外層24根象徵24節氣。三層共28根象徵天上的28星宿。如果再加上殿頂頂部的8根童柱共計36根。則象徵天上的36天罡。在寶頂上還有一根叫雷公柱的鎦金短銅柱，象徵皇帝一統天下。 除此之外，殿頂內部還有一“龍鳳藻井”，地面有一塊“龍鳳呈祥石”。二者相映成趣。

和祭天一樣，每年這裏都要舉行用來祈谷的禮儀。每次祭祀前都要將大殿修飾一新。

現在我們從祈谷壇的東門出來，可以看到一條長廊，共七十二間，俗稱七十二連房，它連接神廚神庫，是祭祀時運送祭品的通道。在長廊的東南方向，有八塊巨大的青石，稱為七星石。這是風水鎮石。關於七星石的説法有二。一説明代有個道士和皇帝説祈年殿的東南方空曠，於國家不利。所以就在這裏放了象徵着北斗七星的七塊石頭。二説，七星石代表東嶽七峯。至於東北的小青石，是因為康熙皇帝為了給滿族入主中原尋找理論依據，而派人考察泰山的發脈地絡，認定泰山發脈於東北的長白山後增加的。

今天的觀光遊覽就要結束了，在天壇的這段時光希望能成為您北京之遊中的永恆記憶。

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇11

各位遊客：

大家好，我是你們的導遊，曹宇翔。

下面我要給大家講講天壇的傳説，現在大家抬頭看一下這就是美麗的天壇，從遠出看是個八角形寶塔。

天壇是王屋的主峯，高峯聳寺深古縱橫，一峯突起，萬峯臣伏，唯我獨尊，從南向北看中間高，兩邊低，好似屋頂像王者之屋，稱王屋山。天壇原名叫瓊林台，因皇帝在山頂設壇祭天，後人為了紀念，該為天壇。為了紀念皇帝老師華蓋對皇帝指點，把天壇峯前的山叫華蓋峯。

我們走過天壇，又來到了望景寺，這裏可以這人觀賞天壇的風景。

天壇是世界文化遺產，國家5A級旅遊景區，全國重點文明保護單位。於北京正陽門，東南方自，為明清兩朝皇帝祭天，求雨和祈，壽年專用祭壇，是世界上現在規模最大，最完美的古代祭天建築羣。總面積273平方米。1920xx年作為公園正式對外開放。

壇為三層圓形石台，壇區佔地20萬餘平方米。因此;明清時期北京的天壇與歷朝代郊壇有一脈相承的淵源。

天地壇遂改稱為天壇。消沿明制，天壇一稱沿用至今。從乾隆八年1743年起，對天壇建築進行了多次修理，天壇終於形成了南北兩壇，規制嚴謹的盛郎風貌。

天壇到處有美麗的風景，説也説不盡，希望你有機會細細遊賞。

北京天壇的英文導遊詞 篇12

天壇公園在北京城的南部，是古代皇帝用來祭祀天神的地方。週末，我和媽媽坐着地鐵來到了天壇公園。公園裏面有可以租用的電子導遊，媽媽給我租了一個戴在身上，所以下面我講的知識好多是聽電子導遊講的!

我們首先到的是“圜丘”。圜丘壇上面是圓形的，下面的院子是正方形的，這表示“天圓地方”。圜丘壇一共有三層，每一層都相隔九個台階，最上面一層鋪着光滑的大理石地磚，地磚有九圈套在一起，每一圈鋪的地磚都是九的倍數，我和媽媽沿着最外圈的地磚走着數了一遍，正好是八十一塊地磚。

然後我們就來到了神奇的“迴音壁”。迴音壁整個是一個圓形的院子，中間有個宮殿，它神奇的地方在於你從院子的一邊發出聲音，就會聽到三聲回聲，還可以從院子的另一邊發出相應的聲音，這都可以當作古代的電話用了，呵呵!

最後我們來到了宏偉壯麗的“祈年殿”。祈年殿就是古代皇帝祭祀天神的地方，每年春天皇帝都會在這兒祈求老天給老百姓一個風調雨順的天氣，然老百姓能夠吃飽穿暖。祈年殿裏面有兩隻飛翔的蝙蝠，媽媽説蝙蝠在古代代表着“福氣”，所以它們在這兒可以快樂的成長，因為它們是“神獸”啊!

逛完天壇公園，我心裏想：“我以後長大了也要建一個像天壇一樣壯觀的地方!”